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A&P Exam 1 - Ch1
community college asf
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what is a negative feedback loop | -controls most body processes -counteracts a change, resulting action is in opp direction of stimulus -ex: body temperature, blood pressure, etc |
| what is a positive feedback loop | -amplifies original signal, moves variable in same direction as stimulus -requires external event to stop loop -ex: fruit ripening, contractions during birth, etc. |
| what are the levels of organization in the body | cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism |
| body cavities are grouped into a | posterior aspect and ventral cavity |
| what are features of the posterior aspect | -encased in bone -subdivided into the cranial cavity and vertebral canal |
| what are features of the ventral cavity | -larger than posterior aspect and placed anteriorly in the body -thoracic diaphragm separates ventral cavity into superior thoracic cavity and inferior abdominopelvic cavity |
| subdivisions of the ventral cavity are lined with | serous membranes |
| what are the two layers of serous membranes | -parietal layer: lines internal surface of body wall -visceral layer: covers external surface of organs -serous cavity: space in between membranes |
| what are the spaces and structures in the thoracic cavity | -mediastinum: median space in thoracic cavity -pericardium: two-layered serous membrane |
| what does the mediastinum contain | -median space in thoracic cavity -contains heart, thymus, esophagus, trachea, and major blood vessels that connect to heart |
| what are the layers of the pericardium | -parietal pericardium: outer layer, forms sac around the heart visceral pericardium: forms heart's external surface -pericardial cavity: space between parietal and visceral layers containing serous fluid |
| what is the pleura and what are its layers | -pleura: 2-layered serous memb. assoc w/ lungs -parietal pleura: outer layer lines int surface of thoracic wall -visceral pleura: inner layer covers ext surface of the lungs -pleural cavity: space between parietal and visceral, contains serous fluid |
| what is the peritoneum | -2-layered serous membrane lining abdominopelvic cavity |
| abdominopelvic has 9 quadrants, name them from left to right | -1st row: R hypochondriac, epigastric, L hypochondriac -2nd row: R lumbar, umbilica, L lumbar -3rd row: R iliac, hypogastric, L iliac |
| organs found in right upper quadrant (RUQ) | -gallbladder -liver -pancreas -right kidney -right adrenal gland -stomach |
| organs found in left upper quadrant (LUQ) | -left adrenal gland -left kidney -liver -pancreas -spleen -stomach |
| organs found in right lower quadrant (RLQ) | -appendix -right ureter -reproductive organs |
| organs found in left lower quadrant (LLQ) | -left ureter -reproductive organs |
Created by:
jmwes