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| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 6 syonical joints | Ball n socket, Hinge, Pivot, Condyloid, saddle, Gliding |
| Difference between adduction & abduction | Abduction - Moving away from midline of body Adduction - Moving towards the midline of body |
| Flexion meaning Extension meaning | Flexion – decreasing the angle at a joint (bending). Extension – increasing the angle at a joint (straightening). |
| Rotation | Rotation – turning a body part around its axis. |
| Circumduction meaning | Circumduction – moving a body part in a circular motion. |
| Dorsiflexion meaning Plantar flexion meaning | Plantar flexion – pointing the toes down. Dorsiflexion – pointing the toes up towards the shin. |
| Inversion meaning Eversion meaning | Inversion – turning the sole of the foot inwards. Eversion – turning the sole of the foot outwards. |
| difference between involuntary and voluntary movement | Involuntary movements are automatic movements Voluntary movements and controlled movements |
| Elevation meaning Depression meaning | Elevation – moving up Depression – moving down |
| Protraction meaning Retraction meaning | Protraction – moving forward Retraction – moving backward |
| Example of ball n socket | Shoulder, Hip |
| Example of hinge | Elbow, Knee |
| Example of pivot | Neck |
| Example of condyloid | Wrist |
| Example of saddle | Thumb |
| Example of plane | Wrist, Ankle |
| What are the 3 connective tissues | Tendon, Ligament, Cartilage |
| Tendons job | connect muscle to bone and help produce movement. |
| Ligament job | connect bone to bone and stabilise joints. |
| Cartilage job | cushions joints and reduces friction between bones. |
| 3 types of muscles | Skeletal, smooth, cardiac |
| What do Skeletal muscles do Where is it located? | moves your bones voluntarily. Attached to the bones |
| What do cardiac muscles do Where is it located? | makes the heart beat. Found in the heart |
| What do smooth muscles do Where is it located? | controls organs automatically. Found on the walls of your organs |
| What are the 3 muscle contractions | Concentric, Isometric, Eccentric |
| Concentric muscle - What happens | Muscle shortens |
| Isometric muscle - What happens | muscle stays the same length. |
| Eccentric muscle - What happens | muscle lengthens. |
| 5 examples of agonist and antagonist muscles | Biceps → Triceps Quadriceps → Hamstrings Tibialis anterior → Gastrocnemius Pectoralis major → Latissimus dorsi Hip flexors → Gluteus maximus |
| Reciprocal inhibition meaning | Reciprocal inhibition is when the agonist muscle contracts while the antagonist muscle relaxes to allow smooth movement. |
| 5 married muscles examples | Biceps & Triceps Quadriceps & Hamstrings Tibialis anterior & gastrocnemius Pectoralis major & Latissimus Dorsi Hip flexors & Gluteus maximus |
| 2 bones in the appendicular skeleton | Femur Humerus |
| What are the 3 planes of the body? | Saggital (Splits body left and right) Frontal (splits body front and back) Transverse (splits body in top and bottom) |
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