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HESI 147
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| kVp Controls | Photon Energy/Penetration |
| mAs Controls | Quantity of X-Rays Produced |
| _______ Controls Scatter, Contrast. and Exposure | kVp |
| The ______ of the x-ray beam indicates its penetrating power | Quality |
| The ______ of the x-ray beam indicates the number of x-ray photons in the primary beam | Quantity |
| An ______ is an Atom with too many or too few electrons; an electrically charged particle | Ion |
| Each electron shell of an atom is lettered beginning with K ______ with L, M, N, and so on | Nearest to the nucleus and moving outward |
| Manmade Radiation Majority- | Medical Imaging, with CT being the highest |
| Natural Radiation Majority- | Radon & Thoron |
| ______ is about 49% | Natural Radiation |
| _______ is about 51% | Manmade Radiation |
| Electromagnetic Radiation Properties | Travels at the speed of light in straight lines, Can travel in a vacuum (requires no medium) Consists of photons and behaves as both a wave and a particle |
| _______ is energy, not a particle (Doesn't have Mass or an Electric Charge) | Electromagnetic Radiation |
| _______ is the smallest quantity of electromagnetic energy | Photon |
| Electromagnetic Radiation Properties | Travel as waves and Interacts with matter like particles Varies only in their energy (electron volts), wavelength, and frequency |
| _______ is the height of the wave from the centerline to the crest (or to trough) | Amplitude (A) |
| ________ is the distance between successive crests (or troughs). Measured in nanometers (nm) | Wavelength (λ) |
| ________ is number of wavelengths (cycles) passing a point each second. Measured in Hertz (Hz) | Frequency (f) |
| Crest is the _____ | High-Point of the Wave |
| Trough is the _______ | Low-Point of the Wave |
| The relationship between wavelength and frequency is ______ | Inverse |
| Intensity and SID have an ________ Relationship | Inverse Square |
| Ionizing Radiation- | Has enough individual photon energy to remove an electron from an atom • Causes ionization of the atom – transforms a neutral atom into a positive ion (cation) and a free electron 21 Lower Energy Higher Energy |
| Which parts of the EM spectrum are ionizing? | X-Rays & Gamma Rays |
| Alpha Particles are ______ | Emitted from nucleus during radioactive decay +2 charge |
| Beta Particles are ______ | An electron emitted from nucleus during radioactive decay -1 charge |
| _______ have Insignificant Mass | Beta Particles |
| _______ have Significant Mass and can do significant damage | Alpha Particles |
| High Speed Electron is an _______ | An electron ejected from the electron shell during radioactive decay |
| ________ Are Actual Subatomic Particles with Mass | Particulate Radiation |
| Same # of protons (element), different # of neutrons | Isotope |
| Same # of Neutrons, different # of protons (element) ex: Carbon-14 & Nitrogen-15 | IsotoNe |
| Same ATOMIC MASS NUMBER (protons + neutrons), different # of protons (different element) | IsobAr |
| Same EVERYTHING: atomic mass number, protons & neutrons, different energy in the nucleus | IsomEr |
| ________ complete their shells by sharing electrons | Covalent Bonds |
| _________ complete their shells by transferring electrons, creating ions | Ionic Bonds |
| Add + 2 to the kVp for every ________ | 1 Centimeter added to thickness |
Created by:
user-2016295