As Low As Reasonably Achievable

How sensitive a cell or tissue is to damage from radiation. Cells that divide rapidly are generally more radiosensitive.

Linear Energy Transfer (LET)

The amount of energy radiation transfers to tissue as it travels through it. Higher LET generally causes more biological damage.

Relative Biologic Effectiveness (RBE)

A way of comparing how much biological damage different types of radiation can cause.

Radiation damages an important cell structure, such as DNA, by interacting with it directly.

Radiation interacts with water in the body and creates free radicals that can then damage the cell.

An unstable molecule with an unpaired electron that can react with and damage cells.

Programmed cell death, where the cell naturally goes through a controlled process of dying.

When a damaged cell dies when it attempts to divide.

Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)

A group of symptoms that can occur after a large amount of whole-body radiation exposure in a short period of time.

The first stage of ARS, when symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and fatigue may begin.

The stage of ARS when the person may temporarily feel better even though radiation damage is still present.

Tissue Reaction (Deterministic Effect)

A radiation effect that has a threshold dose. Once that threshold is reached, the severity increases as the dose increases.

A radiation effect with no known threshold. As radiation dose increases, the chance of the effect occurring increases, such as cancer.

Linear Nonthreshold (LNT) Model

The theory that any amount of radiation exposure may carry some risk, and the risk increases as the radiation dose increases.

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RAD201 Week 7 Assign

Term	Definition
ALARA	As Low As Reasonably Achievable
Radiosensitivity	How sensitive a cell or tissue is to damage from radiation. Cells that divide rapidly are generally more radiosensitive.
Linear Energy Transfer (LET)	The amount of energy radiation transfers to tissue as it travels through it. Higher LET generally causes more biological damage.
Relative Biologic Effectiveness (RBE)	A way of comparing how much biological damage different types of radiation can cause.
Direct Action	Radiation damages an important cell structure, such as DNA, by interacting with it directly.
Indirect Action	Radiation interacts with water in the body and creates free radicals that can then damage the cell.
Free Radical	An unstable molecule with an unpaired electron that can react with and damage cells.
Apoptosis	Programmed cell death, where the cell naturally goes through a controlled process of dying.
Mitotic Death	When a damaged cell dies when it attempts to divide.
Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS)	A group of symptoms that can occur after a large amount of whole-body radiation exposure in a short period of time.
Prodromal Stage	The first stage of ARS, when symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and fatigue may begin.
Latent Period	The stage of ARS when the person may temporarily feel better even though radiation damage is still present.
Tissue Reaction (Deterministic Effect)	A radiation effect that has a threshold dose. Once that threshold is reached, the severity increases as the dose increases.
Stochastic Effect	A radiation effect with no known threshold. As radiation dose increases, the chance of the effect occurring increases, such as cancer.
Linear Nonthreshold (LNT) Model	The theory that any amount of radiation exposure may carry some risk, and the risk increases as the radiation dose increases.

Created by: ygaribay725

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