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CONJUCTION
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| and | dan — addition. Education provides knowledge and improves people's skills. |
| also | juga — addition. It also creates more employment opportunities. |
| as well as | serta / selain — addition. The policy benefits students as well as teachers. |
| in addition | selain itu — formal addition. In addition, public transport reduces congestion. |
| moreover | selain itu — stronger formal addition. Moreover, it can reduce air pollution. |
| furthermore | selain itu — formal addition. Furthermore, this approach is relatively inexpensive. |
| not only...but also | tidak hanya...tetapi juga — emphasizes two benefits. It not only saves time but also reduces costs. |
| because | karena — reason. People use cars because they are convenient. |
| since | karena — reason, slightly more formal. Since housing is expensive, many people move to rural areas. |
| as | karena — reason. As the population grows, demand for housing increases. |
| because of | karena — followed by noun. Traffic is increasing because of population growth. |
| due to | karena / disebabkan oleh — formal, followed by noun. The problem is partly due to rapid urbanisation. |
| although | meskipun — contrast. Although technology is useful, it can create social problems. |
| even though | meskipun — stronger contrast. Even though it is expensive, many people choose private education. |
| though | meskipun — common in speaking. It's useful, though, so I think it's worth the cost. |
| while | sedangkan / meskipun — contrast. While cities provide more jobs, they are often overcrowded. |
| whereas | sedangkan — formal comparison. Older people prefer traditional media, whereas young people use social media. |
| but | tetapi — basic contrast. The idea is useful, but it can be expensive. |
| however | namun — formal contrast. The policy is effective. However, it requires substantial funding. |
| on the other hand | di sisi lain — presents another side. City life offers more opportunities. On the other hand, it can be stressful. |
| nevertheless | meskipun demikian — strong contrast. The method is expensive. Nevertheless, it can produce better results. |
| nonetheless | meskipun demikian — similar to nevertheless. The task was difficult. Nonetheless, I managed to complete it. |
| therefore | oleh karena itu — result. The population is increasing; therefore, more housing is required. |
| thus | dengan demikian — formal result. The government reduced taxes, thus encouraging investment. |
| consequently | akibatnya — formal result. Many forests have disappeared; consequently, biodiversity has declined. |
| as a result | sebagai akibatnya — result. Public transport is unreliable. As a result, many people use private cars. |
| so | jadi / sehingga — result, very natural in speaking. The bus was late, so I took a taxi. |
| if | jika — condition. If governments invest more, public transport will improve. |
| unless | kecuali jika — negative condition. The problem will continue unless the government takes action. |
| provided that | asalkan — formal condition. The policy can succeed provided that sufficient funding is available. |
| as long as | selama / asalkan — condition. People can benefit from technology as long as they use it responsibly. |
| otherwise | jika tidak — consequence of not doing something. Governments should act now; otherwise, the problem may worsen. |
| when | ketika — time. People tend to exercise more when they have free time. |
| while | ketika / sementara — simultaneous action. I usually listen to music while I study. |
| before | sebelum — time. People should think carefully before making important decisions. |
| after | setelah — time. After completing university, many students look for employment. |
| once | setelah / begitu — when something happens. Once people become aware of the problem, they may change their behaviour. |
| until | sampai — time. The problem may continue until governments introduce effective measures. |
| whether...or | whether...or |
| either...or | entah...atau / salah satu — two alternatives. People can either work from home or commute to an office. |
| neither...nor | tidak...maupun — two negative alternatives. Neither the government nor private companies have solved the problem. |
| rather than | daripada — preference/comparison. People should use public transport rather than private cars. |
| so that | agar / sehingga — purpose. Governments should improve infrastructure so that people can travel more easily. |
| in order to | untuk — purpose. The government should invest in education in order to improve productivity. |
| where | di mana — place/relative clause. People prefer areas where employment opportunities are available. |
| who | yang — people. Students who study regularly tend to achieve better results. |
| which | yang — things/ideas. Public transport, which is relatively cheap, should be improved. |
| that | yang — defines a noun. The problems that affect society should be addressed. |
| whose | yang memiliki — possession. Students whose parents are wealthy may have better educational opportunities. |
Created by:
rosa2103