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Reformation

The Protestant Reformation

QuestionAnswer
Credited with beginning the 95 Theses and beginning the Protestant Reformation Martin Luther
As a result of the Protestant Reformation, the Church was split into two main groups Roman Catholics and Protestants
This was the basis of Martin Luther's 95 Theses that sparked the Protestant Reformation Corruption in the Catholic Church and the sale of Indulgences
This was the Catholic Church's reaction to the Protestant Reformation Counter-Reformation
Idea taught by John Calvin that a person's religious salvation had already been predetermined by God and not good works. Predestination
The corrupt practice of buying and selling high-ranking church offices and positions (like paying to become a bishop) within the Catholic Church Simony
A law passed by the English Parliament that officially declared King Henry VIII—not the Pope—as the supreme head of the new Church of England. Act of Supremacy 1534
The principle that the Bible (the Old and New Testaments) is the ultimate, supreme, and only infallible authority for Christian faith, doctrine, and practice. This position rejected the Catholic view that Church tradition, papal decrees, and ecumenical councils held authority equal to that of the Bible. Sola Scriptura
A set of propositions written by Martin Luther and posted on the door of the All Saints' Church in Wittenberg, Germany, on October 31, 1517. Intended as an invitation to an academic debate, the document strongly criticized the sale of indulgences, questioned the Pope’s authority over Purgatory, and emphasized true repentance over financial payment. The circulation of the 95 Theses sparked the Protestant Reformation. 95 Theses
Certificates or declarations sold or granted by the Catholic Church that offered the remission of temporal punishment due for sins already forgiven. In the late Middle Ages and early 16th century, the sale of indulgences—notably by preachers like Johann Tetzel—was marketed as a way to reduce or eliminate a soul’s time in Purgatory, making them a major source of revenue for church building projects like St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome. Indulgences
The Council of Trent maintained that salvation requires both _________________ and _________________ (rejecting Luther's Sola Fide). faith and good works
This group was formed by Ignatius of Loyola and known as Society of Jesus. Jesuits
The Council of Trent was an 18 year meeting between members of what church? Roman Catholics
This King made himself the official head of the Church of England in 1534. King Henry VIII
In the early 1500s, this was the most powerful political and social force in Europe Roman Catholic Church
The Priesthood of All Believers was an argument by ___________________that said all believers have a direct line of communication with God. Martin Luther
This invention by Gutenberg helped spread the ideas of the Protestant Reformation printing press
The Council of Trent abolished the sale of____________? Indulgences
These were courts set up by the Catholic Church to combat heresy and Protestantism Inquisition
People who go against the teachings of the church heretics
Two purposes of The Council of Trent were? Fix corruption in the Catholic church and stop the spread of Protestantism
Catholic missionaries who traveled from region to region to spread the teachings of the Catholic Church Jesuits
 



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