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Unit 1 Study Guide
Biology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List three important lab safety rules | 1. wear protection, 2. no eating, 3. follow instructions |
| Which adjustment knob can only be used with the high-power objective lens? | fine adjustment |
| How do you properly carry a microscope? | by the base and arm |
| What are the eight characteristics of life? | Organization, DNA, Reproductive, Growth, Energy, Response, Regulation, Adaptation |
| What is water made of? | Three atoms: 2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen |
| What does polar mean? | Unequal sharing of electrons |
| Which atom pulls electrons towards it? | The oxygen atom |
| What are the partial charges of a water molecule | positive and negative |
| What type of bond is between water molecules? | hydrogen bonding |
| Name the properties of water | Cohesion, Adhesion, Capillary action, Surface Tension, Universal Solvent, Specific Heat Capacity (high), Hydrophobic vs. Hydrophilic |
| If something is "water loving" it is called ____________. Can it be dissolved in water? | Hydrophilic- yes, can be dissolved in water |
| If something is "water fearing" it is called ______________. Can it be dissolved in water? | Hydrophobic- no it cannot be dissolved in water (ex: oil) |
| What are the four macromolecules? | Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, Nucleic Acids |
| What does it mean that all macromolecules are organic? | They all contain Carbon atoms |
| What is the reaction that connects monomers? | Dehydration synthesis |
| What is the reaction that breaks down polymers? | Hydrolysis |
| What are the three main types of carbohydrates? | 1. Monosaccharides, 2. Disaccharides, 3. Polysaccharides |
| What is glucose | Monosaccharide |
| Which polysaccharide is found in the cell walls of plants? | Cellulose |
| What is the unifying characteristic of lipids | Hydrophobic- (they do not mix with water) |
| What are the main types of lipids? | triglycerides, phospholipids, steroids |
| What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats | Saturated fats solid at room temperature (butter) Unsaturated fats liquid at room temperature (oil) |
| Where can you find phospholipids? | The cell membrane |
| What is the monomer of a protein called? | Amino acids |
| What are the two types of nucleic acid? | RNA and DNA |
| What are the three parts of a nucleotide? | sugar, a phosphate group, a nitrogenous base (A, T, G , C, U) |
| What is the difference between DNA and RNA? | DNA is double stranded, RNA is single stranded. |
| What type of macromolecule is an enzyme? | Protein |
| What do enzymes do? | Speed up chemical reactions |
| What is denatured? | Environmental conditions that cause the enzyme to lose shape and no longer work. |
Created by:
helen claire13!