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IB Lit Gerneral Term
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Alliteration | The repetition of the same consonant sound at the beginning of successive words. |
| Allusion | A brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance which enables writers or poets to simplify complex ideas and emotions by... |
| Ambiguity | occurs when something is pen ot more than one interpretation. By introducing this, writers give liberty to readers to use their imagination to explore meanings. |
| Anadipolis | The repetition of the last word of one clause at the beginning of the following clause. |
| Anaphora | Repetition of a word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or line to create a sonic effect |
| Anthropomorphism | Any attribution of human characteristics to animals or non-living things, phenomena, material states and objects or abstract concepts so that the anthropomorphized entity behaves and appears like a human |
| Antithesis | A figure of speech in which an opposition or contrast of ideas is expressed by parallelism of phrases/ideas that are the opposites of, or strongly contrasted with, each other. |
| Apostrophe | A figure of speech in which a things, a place, an abstract quality, an idea, a dead or absent person is addressed as if present and capable of understanding. |
| Archetype | A universal, recurring symbol, character type, plot pattern, or setting that appears across different cultures, time periods, and genres. |
| Assonance | Involves the repetition of vowel sounds within words. |
| Asyndeton | Conjunctions, articles, and/or pronouns are omitted, producing a fast-paced and rapid prose |
| Atmosphere | The mood and feeling, the intangible quality which appeals to extra-sensory as well as sensory perception, evoked by a work of art. |
| Cliché | A trite, over-used expression that has become lifeless. |
| Connotation | the suggestion or implication evoked by a word or phrase over and above what they actually mean or denote. |
| Consonance | Repetitive sounds produced by consonants within the middle of or end of words in a phrase. |
| Colloquialism | The use of informal, everyday words, phrases or slander in writing or speech. The casual expressions that people use when speaking naturally with friends, family,, or neighbors. Avoided in formal writing but used in dialogue. |
| Contrast | Contrast is the ideological or physical difference between two things. It focuses purely on how they are unalike. |
| Denotation | The dictionary definition of a word. The most literal and limited meaning of a word, regardless of what one may feel about it or the suggestions and ideas it connotoes. |
| Dialect | A language or manner of speaking peculiar to an individual or class or region. It differes from the standard language of a country. A distinct, localized variety of a language spoken by a specific grou of people, characterized by its own unique words. |
| Diction | Word choice and usages, as determined by considerations of audience and purpose. The description/labeling of the author's type of diction is essential; one cannot simply say, " The author uses actions." |
| Ellipses | Indicates that words, phrases, sentences or even entire blocks of time have been deliberately left out of the text. Represents fading out. |
| Em Dash -- | The en dash is named because it historically occupied the exact width of a capital letter "N"in type setting. The en dash is a tool of symmetry, connection, and transition. |
| Enumeration | Device used for listing details, or a process of mentioning words or phrases step by step. IN fact, it is a type of aplification or division in which a subject further distributed into components or parts. |
| Epistrophe | A figure of speech in which each sentence or clause ends with th esame word. Epistgrophe is the structural mirror image of anaphora. |
| Euphemism | Substitute less pungent words for harsh ones, with excellent ironic efffect. It is a mild indirect or vague word or expression used in place of one considered too harsh, blunt, unplesant or embarassing. |
| Extended Metaphor | Is a direct comparison between two unlike things that unfolds across multiple lines stanzas, or even an entire novel. |
| Hyperbole | Exaggeration; deliberate exaggeration for emphasis |
| Imagery | A cibcrete representation of a sense impression, a feeling , or an idea which appeals to one or more of our senses. |
| Incongruity | The state of being out of place, incosistent, or incompatible with its surrounding context. |
| Irony | The greek word from which meant liar or dissembler and in using, the writer takes aon another voice or role that states the opposite of what is expressed. |
| Juxtaposition | Two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrast. focuses on structural placement and relies on proximity. |
| Litotes | Opposite of a hyperbole, litotes intensifies an idea by understatement. |
| Malapropisms | A verbal goof. The mistaken use of a word in a place of a similar sounding one often with a amusing effect. |
| Metonoymy | Designation of one thing with something closely associated with it. |
| Onomatopoeia | Refers to the use of words whose sound reinforces their meaning. The formation and use of words to create sounds. |
| Oxymoron | Contradiction; two contradictory terms or ideas used together. Typically just two words:: an adjective clashing with a noun. |
| Paradox | A statement, a situation, or an entire narrative arc that seems completely self-contraqdictory, absuerd, or impossible on the surface--- but upon deeper reflection, reveals a profound, underlying truth. |
| Parody | The imitative use of words, style attitutdes of an author in such a way as to make them ridiculous |
| Pathetic Fallacy | The ascribing of humnan traits or feelings to inanimate nature for eloquent effect, especially feelings in sympathy with those expressed or experienced by the writer. |
| Personification | Personification is a broad umbreella device where an author attributes any human characteristics- ssuch as physicals actions, facial expressions, conscious thoughts, or desires-- to an inanimate object, an animal or an abstract concept. |
| Plot | The arrangement of ideas and or indcidents that make up a story. |
| Polysyndeton | The use of many conjunctions has an opposite effect to asyyndeton; it slows the pace. |
| Pun | a play on the meaning of words |
| repetition | recurring use of a specific word, phrase, line or compelte stanza thoroughout a poem |
| Reversal | A significant change in the direction of a story, often involving a twist in the protagonists fortunes. Also knwon as a peripeteia. |
| Rehtorical question | A question not meant to be answered |
| Sarcasm | is a sharp bitter or cutting expression of mock prasie or disaproval |
| Satire | a rehtorical strategy that uses wit, irony, humor , paradoy, and exaggeration to expose, mock, and criticize human vices, foolishness, or societal corruption. Unlike pure comedy, which aims simply to entertain or amuse, satire has a distinct moral. |
| Synaesthesia | A figurative device where an author deliberately blends different humna senses-- such as sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch-- to describe a single sensory experience. |
| Synecdoche | synecdoche measn understanding on thing for another thus a part is substituted for the whole or the species for the genus. |
| Zeitgeist | dominatn cultural, intellectual, political, and moral atmosphere to a specific historical era that represents shared unwritten assumptions and values that define a generation. |
| Zeugma | Forces two mismatched concepts onto the exact same grammatical track. typically the linking verb will apply to one noune in a literal, physical sense, and to the other noun in a figurative meotional or psychological sense. |
Created by:
tuckermullens