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Vet 292
Pharmacology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| A 10-kg dog has inadvertently been administered a dose of xylazine hydrochloride intended for a 30-kg dog. The correct reversal agent for this overdose is | Yohimbine |
| When a drug is said to have a narrow therapeutic range, it means that | The effective dosing range is small |
| You are asked to administer a drug that is supplied as an enteric-coated tablet at 100 mg, 50 mg, and 25 mg; you require 25 mg but only have 50-mg tablets. You should | Order or purchase 25-mg tablets for the dosing schedule |
| All of the following organs may facilitate the elimination of drugs except the | Spleen |
| Flunixin meglumine (Banamine) is an NSAID most commonly used in | Horses for the treatment of colic |
| Which of the following statements about tetracyclines is true | Tetracyclines may lead to bone or teeth problems if given to young animals |
| The Food and Drug Administration does not approve the use of fluoroquinolones in | Poultry |
| Griseofulvin acts on | Dermatophytes |
| Which of the following statements is true when considering the use of xylazine | It provides some analgesia |
| The antibiotic that should be avoided in all food-producing animals is | Chloramphenicol |
| Common drugs of plant origin, such as digoxin and atropine, are ineffective in a cow when administered orally because of | Digestive microorganisms |
| Scooter, a 13-year-old miniature schnauzer, has arrested under anesthesia for routine dentistry. You run to the crash cart and grab what you know to be the drug of choice for cardiac arrest, which is | Epinephrine |
| Butorphanol tartrate is an example of a drug that functions on more than one body system. It is both an analgesic and a/an | Antitussive |
| What drug is approved for the treatment of old dog dementia | Anipryl |
| What drug is not an NSAID | Prednisone |
| Which of the following drugs is available over the counter as an antitussive | Dextromethorphan |
| A useful group of broad-spectrum drugs, whose popularity has recently declined because of numerous potential side effects, including keratoconjunctivitis sicca, polyarthritis (especially in Doberman pinschers), hematuria, allergic reactions, thrombocytope | Sulfonamides |
| The H2 receptors are found in the | Gastric mucosa |
| Dr. Blackman prescribed a particular antibiotic for a rabbit with a Pasteurella infection and asked you to educate the client regarding special instructions for administration of the drug. You told the client that she should wear gloves when handling this | Chloramphenicol |
| A risk to veterinary technicians who administer prostaglandins is | Inducing an asthma attack |
| Which statement regarding tetracyclines is true | Currently many bacteria are resistant to tetracyclines |
| In what class of antibiotic drugs are nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity potential side effects | Aminoglycosides |
| Which of the following is not a side effect of sulfonamides | Seizures |
| Thiobarbiturates should be administered with great care, or not at all, to | Greyhounds |
| Which of the following is not a controlled substance | Apomorphine |
| The anticoagulant diluted in saline or sterile water for injection to form a flush solution for preventing blood clots in intravenous catheters is | Heparin |
| A 3-month-old chow chow is presented to the pet emergency clinic because it has eaten a box of warfarin-based rat poison. Which of the following would be most useful to treat this toxicity | Vitamin K |
| Sox, a 10-year-old M/C Siamese X, was brought to the emergency hospital, crying in pain and unable to walk. He was diagnosed with an aortic thromboembolism secondary to cardiomyopathy. The drug class used to treat this condition is | Fibrinolytic |
| Guaifenesin is an example of a/an | Expectorant |
| A 50-lb dog is to be given 1 mg/kg dose of diazepam. How many milligrams should he receive | 22.7 mg |
| Which of the following would be the least common side effect expected with common cancer chemotherapeutic drugs | Pruritus |
| Acepromazine must be used with caution or not at all in | Stallions |
| Chronic use of moderate-to-high doses of glucocorticoids may result in the development of | Hyperadrenocorticism |
| If it is accidentally administered as an IV bolus, lidocaine may cause | Sinus arrest |
| The benzodiazepine derivative diazepam is often administered in combination with | Ketamine |
| A drug that has extreme potential for abuse and no approved medicinal purpose in the United States is classified as | C-I |
| Cephalosporins are closely related to what other drug class | Penicillins |
| What precautions should you take when applying DMSO to an animal's skin | Wear latex gloves to avoid contact with the drug |
| The most common adverse side effect(s) of aminoglycoside antimicrobials is/are | Nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity |
| A chronotropic agent affects the | Rate of a contraction |
| The type of drug that would be most helpful for a patient with a productive cough is | Expectorant |
| A prescription reads "2 tab q4h po prn until gone." The translation of these instructions is | Two tablets are to be taken every 4 hours by mouth as needed until all tablets are gone |
| Parenteral administration of phenylbutazone should be only via | Intravenous injection |
| Which of the following is most responsible for biotransformation | Liver |
| Neonatal animals are less tolerant of some drugs than older animals because in neonates the drugs are | Biotransformed more slowly |
| Heartgard contains ivermectin, which | Is used to prevent heartworm infection |
| The biotransformation of aspirin takes much longer in cats than in dogs. The half-life of aspirin in cats is approximately | 40 hours |
| What is not a short-term effect of corticosteroid therapy | Osteoporosis |
| The function of epinephrine is to | Increase the heart rate |
| Which of the following drugs is least likely to kill the normal flora in the gut of a rabbit, thus avoiding severe diarrhea | Enrofloxacin |
| The surgeon has completed Buffy's surgical procedure and asks you to discontinue the inhalant anesthesia. What is absolutely necessary to do when terminating anesthesia in a patient that has been receiving nitrous oxide | Oxygenate for 5 to 10 minutes |
| Most biotransformation of drugs occurs in the | Liver |
| Which statement is true about the drugs used for cancer chemotherapy | They usually have relatively low margins of safety |
| Glucocorticoids are often used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of all of the following conditions except | Infections |
| The most common side effect of NSAIDs is | Gastrointestinal ulceration |
| Cosmo, an 11-year-old M/C pug, has been diagnosed with mitral insufficiency and was referred to a veterinary cardiologist. The specialist decided to initiate treatment with digoxin, which is a positive inotrope and negative chronotrope. This means that it | Increases the force of contraction and decreases the heart rate |
| The active drug in ProHeart is moxidectin and it is a member of which drug class | Milbemycin |
| If you are instructed to give a medication IP, the medication should be injected into | The abdominal cavity |
| A common side effect of antihistamine drugs such as diphenhydramine is | Sedation |
| Acepromazine maleate causes | Hypotension |
| Cholinergic agents do all of the following except | Increase intraocular pressure |
| Loop diuretics such as furosemide | May cause hypokalemia with chronic use |
| Repository forms of parenteral drugs | Are formulated to prolong absorption of the drug from the site of administration |
| Antimicrobial drugs such as enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, and orbifloxacin all belong to which group of antibiotics | Fluoroquinolones |
| If using a regular disposable-type syringe, which of the following drugs should not be preloaded and left for a time before use | Diazepam |
| Dr. Charles is performing a C-section on Sadie, a 3-year-old Dalmatian. The smallest pup was not breathing spontaneously, and the doctor asks you administer which of the following drugs as a respiratory stimulant | Doxapram HCl |
| Which class of antibiotics, when administered to juvenile animals, can impair cartilage development | Fluoroquinolones |
| Which of the following statements is true when considering the use of propofol | It can be given in incremental doses |
| The most common side effect(s) of drugs that cause vasodilation is/are | Hypotension |
| The main reason that generic forms of drugs are less expensive than trademark drugs is because generic brands | Do not incur the expense of developing a new drug |
| What drug is not used in the treatment of glaucoma | Chloramphenicol |
| The best means of assuring that a particular antibiotic treatment will be successful is to | Collect a sample from the infected area for culture and sensitivity |
| Penicillins are primarily excreted by the | Kidney |
| The percentage of the total dose that ultimately reaches the bloodstream is determined by | Bioavailability |
| Potentiated penicillins | Are active against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria |
Created by:
Scoots223