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Ch 38.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ALARA concept | The concept of radiation that states that all exposures should be kept as low as reasonable available |
| Ampere | unit of electric current |
| Anode | Positive electron in x-ray tube |
| Bremsstrauhlung Radiation | "Breaking Radiation" the sudden deceleration of electrons as they interact with highly positively charged nuclei |
| Cathode | Negative electron in x-ray tube |
| Central Ray | X-rays at the center of beam |
| Contrast | Differences in the degrees of blackness |
| Control Panel | Contains the master switch, the indicator light, the selector buttons, and the exposure button |
| Density | The overall darkness or blackness of an image |
| Dental Radiography | process of recording images of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure to x-radiation |
| Digital Imaging | A filmless method of capturing an image and displaying it by using an image receptor, an electronic signal, and a computer to process and store the image |
| Distortion | Change in shape of an image caused by incorrect vertical angulation |
| Dose (of radiation) | The amount of energy absorbed by tissues |
| Dosimeter | Device used to detect and measure an accumulated dosage of radiation |
| Extension Arm | A flexible arm that's attached to the x-ray tubehead |
| Genetic effects | Effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations through germ cells |
| Image | Film-based or digitally produced recordings of internal structures |
| Image Receptor | Recording medium for an image, normally film, phosphor storage plate, or a digital sensor |
| Intensity | Total energy of the x-ray beam |
| Ion | Electrically charged atom |
| Ionization | process by which electrons are removed from atoms causing harmful effects of radiation to humans |
| Ionizing radiation | radiation that produces ions, resulting in harmful effects |
| Kilovoltage peak (kVp) | Highest voltage of x-ray tube used during an exposure |
| Latent period | the time between exposure to ionizing radiation and the appearance of symptoms |
| Lead Apron | Device used to protect the reproductive and blood forming tissues from ionizing radiation |
| Magnification | Proportional enlargement of an image |
| Master Switch, Indicator Light, Selector Buttons Exposure Button | Components of the control panel |
| Milliampere (mA) | One one-thousandth of an ampere |
| Penumbra | Blurred or indistinct area that surrounds an umbra |
| Personal Radiation monitoring badge | device that measures exposure of personnel to ionizing radiation by measuring the intensity of visible light emitted depends on the radiation exposure |
| Photon | A minute bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass |
| Primary Beam | The most penetrating beam produced at the target of the anode |
| Primary radiation | Same as the primary beam |
| Quality (of x-ray beam) | Mean energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam |
| Quantity | the number of x-rays produced in the dental unit; the quantity of x-rays is controlled by the milliamperage |
| Radiation | Forms of waves of energy emission through space or material |
| Radiology | Science or study of radiation used in medicine |
| Scatter radiation | X-radiation that's created when a primary beam interacts with matter |
| Sensor | Solid-state image receptor that contains a silicon chip with an electric circuit |
| Sharpness | Measure of how well an image reproduces the fine details or definition of an object |
| Somatic Effects | Effects of radiation that causes illness and are responsible for poor health but are not passed on to offspring |
| Thyroid Collar | Flexible lead shield that's placed securely around the neck |
| Tubehead | Part of x-ray until that contains the x-ray tube, the high-voltage and low-voltage transformers, and insulting oil |
| Tungsten Target | Focal spot in the anode |
| X-radiation | High energy, short wavelength electromagnetic radiation |
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