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chapter 38
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Alara concept | concept of radiation protection " keep as low as reasonably achievable |
| ampere | A unit of electric current |
| anode | positive electrode in X-ray tube |
| atom | basic unit of matter |
| step up transformer | plug something in ( current comes through and machine turns on" |
| step down 110 | converts down to 3-5 volts |
| bremsstralung radiation | "braking radiation" sudden deceleration of electrons as they interact with positively charged nuclei |
| cathode | negative electrode in X-ray tube |
| central ray | x-rays at the bottom of the beam |
| contrast | differences in degrees of blackness on an image |
| control panel | portion of X-ray unit that contains the master switch, the indicator light, the selector buttons, and the exposure button |
| density | overall darkness or blackness of the image |
| dental radiography | process of recording images of the teeth and adjacent structures by exposure to x-radiation. |
| digital imaging | filmless method of capturing an image and displaying it by using an image receptor, an electrical signal , and a computer to process the store image. |
| lead collimator | restricts the size and shape of beam with an open cone |
| distortion | change in the size of an image caused by incorrect vertical angulation |
| dose (of radiation) | amount of energy absorbed by tissue |
| dosimeter | device used to detect and measure a accumulated dosage of radiation |
| electron | negatively charged particle in an atom |
| energy | ability to do work |
| extension arm | flexible arm that is attached to the X-ray tubehead |
| genetic effects | effects of radiation that are passed on to future generations through genetic cells |
| image | film based or digitally produced recordings of anatomic structures |
| image receptor | recording medium of an image, normally film, phosphor storage plate, or a digital sensor |
| intensity | total energy of the x-ray beam |
| ion | electrically charged particle |
| ionization | process by which electrons are removed from atoms causing the harmful effects of radiation in humans. |
| ionizing radiation | radiation that produces ionization, resulting in harmful effects |
| kilovoltage peak | highest voltage of X-ray tube used during an exposure |
| latent period | time between exposure ionizing radiation and appearance of symptoms |
| lead apron | device used to protect the reproductive and blood forming tissue from scatter radiation |
| magnification | proportional enlargement of an image |
| master switch, indicator light, selector buttons, exposure button | component of control panel |
| matter | anything that occupies space and has a form or shape |
| milliampere | one one-thousandth of an ampere; a unit of measurement used to used to describe the intensity of an electrical current |
| penumbra | blurred or indistinct area that surrounds an image |
| personal radiation monitoring badge | device that measures exposure of personal to ionnizing radiation by measuring the intensity of visible light emitted from a crystal in the detector when heated; the intensity of light emitted depends on the radiation exposure |
| photon | minute(tiny) bundle of pure energy that has no weight or mass |
| primary beam | most penetrating beam produced at the target of the anode |
| primary radiation | same as primary beam |
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