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1.1-1.3 Lectures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Reference Maps | Reference maps are informational, showing boundaries and place names |
| Thematic Maps | Thematic Maps tell a story by showing the density and distribution of quantitative data |
| Choropleth Maps | Use colors or shading to represent quantifiable data (darker means more) |
| Dot Maps | Place a dot representing a value in it's approximate location |
| Graduated Symbol Maps | Feature symbols proportional in size to the actual value of the data |
| Isoline Maps | Connect area of equal value with lines (looks like a fingerprint, weather maps) |
| Cartograms Maps | Distort the appearance of places on the maps to represent their value (China and India would look grotesquely larger than all other countries) |
| Absolute Location | Is quantitative (exact location, specific) |
| Relative Location | Is qualitative (near, not precise) |
| Clustered | (grouped, nucleated, clumped, concentrated, agglomeration) |
| Dispersed | (distributed, scattered, spread out) |
| Uniform | (evenly spaced) |
| Random | (no discernable pattern) |
| Topographic Maps | Show elevation using contour lines, like isoline maps |
| Conformal Projection | Preserve shapes of land features at the expense of distorting their true size |
| Equal-Area Projection | Distort the oceans to preserve size of the landmasses but distorts shape |
| Mercator Projection | Latitude and longitude shown at right angles, preserves shape but distorts size massively at higher latitudes |
| Gall-Peters Projection | Preserves size but distorts shape, image appears opposite of Mercator |
| Mercator Projection and Gall-Peters are similar | |
| Robinson Projection | Preserves size and shape of continents but distorts polar areas, compromise |
| Goodes Projection | Interrupted Projection removes much of the oceans to preserve size and shape of the land masses |
| Difference between Goodes and Equal-Area | Goodes cuts oceans, Equal-Area distorts them |
| GIS | Geographic Information Systems |
| GIS (meaning) | A computer system that collects, stores, analyzes, and displays geographic data |
| Map Layers | Water, Vegetation, Housing, Roadways, and Fire stations? |
| GIS in practice (ocean) | This sea captain is using GIS to analyze ocean depth, ocean temperature, and locate other vessels nearby |
| Remote Sensing | Information gathered from satellites orbiting the earth |
| Satellite Navigation Systems | Can help provide much more specific data about the location of an object or place on Earth using geographic coordinates of latitude and longitude |
| Online Mapping and Visualization | Governments, Private companies, Research Institutions |
| Field Observations | When someone visits a place firsthand and records information gathered while there |
| Landscape Analysis | A process of studying and describing a landscape |
| Photographic Interpretation | Geographers May use photographs of a place to gather observable data about the world. These photos may be taken from the ground or using aerial photography |
| All conformal projections | Mercator Projection: Preserves shape and angles, but distorts size at high latitudes. |
| All equal-area projections | Gall-Peters Projection: Preserves true land size, but stretches and distorts shape. Goode's Interrupted Projection: Removes parts of the ocean to keep land sizes and shapes accurate. |
| Other Projections (Compromises)Robinson Projection: Balances size and shape distortions as a visual compromise. |
Created by:
gunn135h4nn0n