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CH 41 - NELDA
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| angulation | alignment of central ray of x-ray beam in horizontal and vertical planes |
| bisecting technique | intraoral technique of exposing dental images where the central ray is directed perpendicular to an imaginary bisecting line |
| bitewing | type of image used for interproximal examination showing crowns and crestal bone of both arches |
| central ray | x-ray at center of beam |
| contact area | area of the mesial or distal surfaces of a tooth that touches an adjacent tooth in the same arch |
| crestal bone | coronal portion of alveolar bone found between the teeth |
| developmental disability | impairment of mental or physical functioning that usually occurs before adulthood and lasts indefinitely |
| diagnostic quality | referring to images with the proper structures and necessary density, contrast, definition, and detail for diagnostic purposes |
| interproximal | between two adjacent surfaces |
| intersecting | cutting across or through |
| long axis of the tooth | imaginary line dividing the tooth longitudinally (vertically) into two equal halves |
| occlusal technique | technique used to examine large areas of the upper or lower jaw |
| parallel | moving or lying in the same plane, always separated by the same distance |
| paralleling technique | intraoral technique of exposing periapical and bitewing images where receptor is parallel to the long axis |
| perpendicular | intersecting at or forming a right angle |
| physical disability | impairment in certain function(s) of the body, such as vision, hearing, or mobility |
| positioning instrument | intraoral device used to position and hold the film, sensor, or phosphor storage plate |
| right angle | angle of 90 degrees formed by two lines perpendicular to each other |
| Full-Mouth Survey (FMX) | Complete intraoral series containing periapical and bitewing images, typically 18 to 20 images for an adult. |
| Periapical Image | Shows the entire tooth from occlusal/incisal edge to 2-3 mm beyond the apex and surrounding bone structure. |
| Rules of Paralleling Technique | Receptor placed parallel to long axis; central ray directed perpendicular to receptor/tooth; beam directed through contacts; beam centered. |
| Incorrect Horizontal Angulation | Causes overlapped (unopened) contact areas, making the radiograph unusable for interproximal caries detection. |
| Vertical Angulation Errors | Incorrect vertical angle results in elongation (too flat angle) or foreshortening (too steep angle) of the image. |
| Bitewing Vertical Angulation | Recommended central ray direction using +10 degrees of vertical angulation. |
| Mounting Guidelines | Handle films by edges, label/date mount before mounting, use a definite order, and use the "smile line" for bitewings. |
| Radiolucent vs. Radiopaque | Radiolucent structures appear dark or black; radiopaque structures appear light or white on the image. |
| Pediatric Exposure Adjustments | Exposure factors (mA, kV, exposure time) must be reduced due to the smaller size of pediatric patients. |
| Preventing Gag Reflex | Expose anterior films first, position receptor carefully without sliding on soft palate, and convey a confident, reassuring attitude. |
Created by:
Cocoalover