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*CELL

QuestionAnswer
Plant Cell A eukaryotic cell that contains a cell wall, chloroplasts, and a large central vacuole.Cell
Cell Theory All living things are made of cells, cells are the basic unit of life, and all cells come from pre-existing cells.
Unicellular An organism made of only one cell.
Multicellular An organism made of many specialized cells.
Prokaryotic Cell A simple cell that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Eukaryotic Cell A complex cell that has a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Prokaryote An organism made of prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria and archaea.
Eukaryote An organism made of eukaryotic cells, including plants, animals, fungi, and protists.
Cell Membrane A selectively permeable barrier that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
Selectively Permeable Allows some substances to pass through while blocking others.
Cytoplasm Jelly-like material inside the cell where organelles are located and many chemical reactions occur.
Nucleus The control center of the cell that contains DNA
Nuclear Membrane A double membrane that surrounds and protects the nucleus.
DNA The molecule that carries genetic information and instructions for making proteins.
Chromatin Uncoiled DNA found inside the nucleus.
Chromosome Condensed DNA that becomes visible during cell division.
Nucleolus A structure inside the nucleus where ribosomes are made.
Ribosome The organelle that builds proteins.
Protein A molecule made of amino acids that performs many functions in the cell.
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane network with ribosomes that makes and transports proteins.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane network without ribosomes that makes lipids and detoxifies harmful substances.
Golgi Apparatus Modifies, sorts, packages, and ships proteins and lipids.
Vesicle A small membrane-bound sac used for transporting materials in the cell.
Mitochondrion The organelle that produces ATP through cellular respiration.
ATP The main energy molecule used by cells.
Cellular Respiration The process that releases energy from glucose to produce ATP.
Lysosome An organelle containing digestive enzymes that breaks down waste and old cell parts.
Vacuole A storage organelle that holds water, nutrients, and waste.
Central Vacuole A large vacuole in plant cells that stores water and helps maintain turgor pressure.
Chloroplast The organelle where photosynthesis takes place in plant cells.
Photosynthesis The process by which plants use sunlight to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
Chlorophyll The green pigment inside chloroplasts that captures light energy.
Cell Wall A rigid outer layer that provides support and protection for plant cells.
Cellulose The strong carbohydrate that makes up plant cell walls.
Cytoskeleton A network of protein fibers that gives the cell shape, support, and movement.
Microtubules Hollow protein tubes that help maintain cell shape and move chromosomes during cell division.
Centrosome The organelle that organizes microtubules during cell division in animal cells.
Centrioles Structures inside the centrosome that help organize spindle fibers during cell division.
Cilia Short hair-like structures that move the cell or move materials across the cell surface.
Flagellum A long whip-like structure that helps a cell move.
Plasmid A small circular DNA molecule found in many bacteria.
Organelle A specialized structure inside a cell that performs a specific function.
Homeostasis The maintenance of stable internal conditions in a cell or organism.
Bacteria Single-celled prokaryotic organisms.
Animal Cell A eukaryotic cell that does not have a cell wall or chloroplasts
Created by: pnetha
 

 



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