Urine specific gravity

A measure of the concentration of solutes in urine, indicating hydration status and kidney function.

LOW Specific Gravity Hyposthenuria

Diabetes insipidus (can be as low as 1.002) Drinking excessive amounts of Liquid Pyelonephritis glomerulephritis Use of Diurectics

HIGH Specific Gravity Hypersthenuria:

Dehydration Diabetes Mellitus Adrenal Insufficiency Toximea of pregnancy (protein in the Urine)

A clinical sign of HYPOCALCEMIA characterized by carpal spasm of wrist when a blood pressure cuff is inflated.

A clinical sign of hypocalcemia where tapping on the facial nerve causes twitching of the facial muscles.

Signs of hypocalcemia

Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tingling in fingers, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias.

dilutional hyponatremia

A condition where sodium levels appear lower in the blood caused by overhydration (fluid volume excess). Can lead to serious complications and even death. Look for early signs: confusion, bounding pulse

Symptoms may include muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, and dysrhythmias including Type I Heart Block.

Risk for fluid volume deficit

Increased likelihood of dehydration due to factors such as excessive fluid loss, diarrhea, vomiting, sweating, excessive bleeding, or inadequate intake.

loop diuretic used to treat fluid retention and hypertension by promoting urine production.

Major cause of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia.

Anyone prescribed a loop diuretic must eat foods right in K and Mg or take a daily supplement. EKG required if ANY Arrhythmias are present.

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MED SUR 1 EX 2 REVIE

Med Surg 1 Exam 2 review from Instructor

Term	Definition
Urine specific gravity	A measure of the concentration of solutes in urine, indicating hydration status and kidney function.
LOW Specific Gravity Hyposthenuria	Diabetes insipidus (can be as low as 1.002) Drinking excessive amounts of Liquid Pyelonephritis glomerulephritis Use of Diurectics
HIGH Specific Gravity Hypersthenuria:	Dehydration Diabetes Mellitus Adrenal Insufficiency Toximea of pregnancy (protein in the Urine)
Trousseau's sign	A clinical sign of HYPOCALCEMIA characterized by carpal spasm of wrist when a blood pressure cuff is inflated.
Chvostek's sign	A clinical sign of hypocalcemia where tapping on the facial nerve causes twitching of the facial muscles.
Signs of hypocalcemia	Symptoms may include muscle cramps, tingling in fingers, seizures, and cardiac arrhythmias.
dilutional hyponatremia	A condition where sodium levels appear lower in the blood caused by overhydration (fluid volume excess). Can lead to serious complications and even death. Look for early signs: confusion, bounding pulse
Signs of hypokalemia	Symptoms may include muscle weakness, cramps, fatigue, and dysrhythmias including Type I Heart Block.
Risk for fluid volume deficit	Increased likelihood of dehydration due to factors such as excessive fluid loss, diarrhea, vomiting, sweating, excessive bleeding, or inadequate intake.
Furosemide	loop diuretic used to treat fluid retention and hypertension by promoting urine production.
Major cause of hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia.	Anyone prescribed a loop diuretic must eat foods right in K and Mg or take a daily supplement. EKG required if ANY Arrhythmias are present.

Created by: rita022858

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