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ADVNET - L5
Ethernet LAN Switching
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| is the basic unit of data transmitted over an Ethernet network. It contains the information needed to deliver data from one device to another accurately. | Ethernet Frame |
| - Length – 7- byte (56 -bit) - Alternating 1’s and 0’s - 10101010 * 7 - Allows devices to synchronize their receiver clocks | Preamble |
| - Length – 1 byte ( 8 - bit) 10101011 - Marks the end of the preamble, and the beginning of the rest of the frame | SFD - Start Frame Delimiter |
| Indicate the devices sending and receiving the frame Consists of the destination and source “MAC address 6-byte (48–bit) address of the physical device | Destination and Source |
| 2-byte (16-bit) field - Specifies the protocol being carried | Type or Length |
| indicates the length of the encapsulated packets (in bytes) | A value of 1500 or less |
| indicates the TYPE of the encapsulated packet ( usually IPv4 or IPv6), and the length is determined via another method. | A value of 1536 or greater in this field |
| Detects corrupted data by running a “CRC” algorithm over the received data - Detects transmission errors using a CRC | Frame Check Sequence |
| - 6 - byte (48 - bit) physical address assigned to the device when it is made - Also known as Burned –In Address (BIA) | MAC Address |
| Written as 12 hexadecimal characters | MAC Address |
| The first 3 bytes are the OUI (Organizationally Unique Identifier), which is assigned to the company making the device - The last 3 bytes are unique to the device itself | MAC Address |
| 5C-23-5A-24-2B-3D | Windows |
| 0011.5ccc.5c00 | Cisco devices |
| 5C:23:5A:24:2B:3D | LINUX and IOSD |
| a frame destined for single target | Unicast frame |
| Flood the frame for all interfaces except for the source | Unknown Unicast Frame =PC2 |
| forward | Known Unicast Frame |
| Is removed from the MAC address table after 5 min of inactivity. | Dynamic MAC addresses |
| he minimum size for an Ethernet frame ( header + payload(packet)+trailer) is _____ | 64 bytes |
| The minimum payload(packet) sized is | 46 Bytes |
| is usually not considered part of the Ethernet header | Preamble and SFD i |
| s used to discover the layer 2 address( MAC address) of a known Layer 3 address (IP address) | ARP ( Address Resolution Protocol) |
| sent by the device that wants to know the MAC address of the other device | ARP Request |
| which is sent to inform the requesting device of the MAC address | ARP Reply |
| sent to all hosts on the network. | Arp Request broadcast |
| sent only to one host ( the host that sent the request) | Arp reply Unicast |
| In command prompt typed ____ to view the ARP table (window, macOS, Linux) | arp –a |
| ARP Table: IP address (layer 3 address) | Internet address |
| ARP Table: IP address (layer 3 address) | Physical address |
| default entry | Type Static |
| Learned via ARP | Type dynamic |
| A network utility that is used to test reachability - Measured round-trip timev | Ping |
| Ping uses two messages | ICMP Echo Request ICMP Echo Reply |
| Command to use in order to see the ping | ping (IP –address) |
| MAC Address Table | Vlan | Mac Address | Type | Ports |
| have the shutdown command applied by default – will be in the administratively down/down state by default | Router interfaces |
| do not have the shutdown command applied by default – will be in up/up state if connected to another device or down/down state if not connected to another device. | Switch interfaces |
| - The device cannot send and receive data at the same time. If it is receiving a frame, it must wait before sending a frame. - Devices attached to a hub must operate in half duplex | Half duplex |
| - the device can send and receive data at the same time. It does not have to wait. - Devices attached to a switch can operate in full duplex | Full duplex |
| Before sending frames, devices listen to the collision domain until they detect that the other devices are not sending. | CSMA/CD –Carrier-Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detection |
| Interfaces that can run at different speeds (10/100 or 10/100/1000) have default settings of speed auto and duplex auto. | Speed/Duplex Autonegotiation |
| Frames that are smaller than the maximum frame size (64 bytes) | Runts |
| Frames that are larger than the maximum frame size (1518 bytes) | Giants |
| Frames that failed the CRC check(in the ethernet FCS Trailer) | CRC |
| Frames that have an incorrect format (due to an error) | Frames |
| Total of various counters, such as the above four | Input errors |
| frames the switch tried to send , but failed due to error | Output errors |
Created by:
user-1782765