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Ch 2,4 P.Chem
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Scientific Notation | System for expessing very large, large or small # of compact manner ex: 1,500,000=(1.5x1,000,0000=1.5X10^6 |
| What is Standard Form | 10x10x10x10x10x10=10^6 |
| How to convert from whole numbers to scientific notation? | moved decimal point LEFT=POSITIVE moved decimal point RIGHT=NEGATIVE |
| What is precision | estabilised certain conventions for differnt degrees |
| What is significant figure (sig fig) | all the digits known with certainty (those indiciated by the marking on the measurement device)Pand first uncertain or estimated digit (one digit past the smalled marking on the measureing device) |
| What are the Rules for deciding measurement: | 1. ALL non zeros are sig 2. sandwiched (or embedded) zeros 3.leading zeros 4. trailing zeros |
| How should you round with decimals in Chem | less then 5=stay same greater than 5 round up 1 |
| What are combining numbers | Add & Subtract= align decimal Multiple & Divide: Count sigs in each number being M/D then limit amount of sig figures lowest count ex: 3.865x105.93=4.094.1945(reduced to 4 sig) |
| What is the international system of units? | a set measurement for basic units (length, mass, time) in order for chemist understand one another internationally |
| What are the basic units(fundamental units of SI) | see chem notes |
| What are derived units? | combinations of SI basic units can be multiplied and divided |
| What is voume? | the amount of space that a substance occupies and defying geometrically as LXWLH |
| What is energy? | the ability to do work (S or 1kg, m^2/S^2) |
| What is density? | Mass of object divided by volume absorbed amount of matter contained in given amount of space d=m/v or KG/m^3 |
| What are the accepted units? | accepted for journals and papers not SI, degree, minute, hour |
| What is the metric system? | decimal system of units for mass, length, time and other physical quantities (multiples of 10 1km=1000m) |
| What is thermal energy? | form of energy associated with the motion of small particles of matter hot or cold |
| What is temperature? | Measure of the intensity of thermal energy or how hot system is regardless of size c=celceis k=kelvin F=farhenheit |
| What does abundance mean? | The elements are widely in abudance.Inthe universie as a whole, the most common element is Hydrogen(about 1020 atoms) |
| What is eultopication? | When large bacterial concentrations and oxygen content dropped causing fish to die in large #'s ex:detergent w/phosphous harming animal life |
| What is a chemical symbol? | Used to reresent atoms and elements,, the code for the chemical element The first letter must be deverived from the name, the second depends on where it comes frome Fe= Iron NOT IR=/iron |
| What is are chemical formula? | depicted molecues as well as compospition of compounds |
| PWhpat is the law conversation of matter? | if atoms of neither created nor destroyed during change then the toal masss of matter present when matter change from one type to another will remain constand |
| What is law of constant compositon or definit properites? | all samples of pure compound contain the same elements in the same proportion by mass - the # of atoms of the elements in a given compound always exists in the same ration is constant with observaitons |
| What is law of multiple proportion? | two elements react to form more than one compound, a liked mass of element with react when mass of the elements in a ration of small, whole numbers |
| What is a Compound? | distance substance that contains two more elements chemically combined in a definite proportion by mass |
| What is molecule? | smallest unchanged individual unit of a comppount formed by the union of two or more atoms |
| What is the chemical formula? | expression that shows the lements ina compount and the relative porportions of elements |
| What is a polyatomic ion? | certain croups of atoms binded together to form one unit |
| What is a molecular formula? | shows the kids and number of atoms present in moleculs of compount arrangement of element form |
| What are Daltons atomic theroy? | Atom is not "indivisible" something smaller sub atomic particle made up of proton, neurtron,electron charge |
| What is the emperical formula | shows the elements ina compount in their lowest whole-number ration emperical CH20 (C6PH12O6) |
| What is a ionic compound? | type of chemical link formed through the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions, such as in sodium chloride (table salt). |
| What is a cation? | cat-eye-ion. positve charge |
| What is a anion? | an-eye-ion, negative charge |
| What is an atom? | smallest piece of element that maintins the identiy of element |
| What are electrons? | tiny subatomic particle with regular chargen (e-) |
| What is a proton? | subatomic particle with pplus charge P+ |
| What is a neutron? | some mass as proton, no charge N- |
| What is a atomic number? | number of protons is so important identiy of an atom |
| What are isotopes? | atoms of some elemement (some are p+) with differnt neutrons |
| What is a mass number? | sum of number protons and neutrons |
| What is periodic table | order of increasing atomic number arranged in a specific |
| What are elements | pure substance that makes up all other matter so each one is given unique name |
| What is atomic number? | the number of protons in an atom , all atoms of a element have the same number of protons and every elements has differnt of pprotons |
| What are neutral atoms? | Atoms are neutral in electiral charge becuase they have same number of negative electrons as postivive protons. Therefor the atomic # of an atom. How many electrons an atom is determins atoms chem prop |
| What is a mass number? | atom is the total number of protons in neurons |
| What is radioactive decay? | having too few neutrons relive to protons results in unstable or radioactive nuculous that will sooner or later breat down to more stable form? |
| What are ionic compounds? | chemical formulus called ionic bimulas, only formed between one OR two anions ONLY -proper ionic formula has a cation and anion writing form= total pos=total neg |
| What is a monatomic ion? | loose or gain electrion |
| What is a momoatomic anion? | for naming ions- use stem of name and add suffix "ide" plus "ion" ex: cl=chloride ion, N=nitride ion using roman numberals for ion charges |
| What are ionic compounds? | aka ionic bimulas and are never formed between two cations only; made of positively and negatively charged ions held together by strong electrical forces, typically formed when metals transfer electrons to non-metals. |
| What is a monatomic ion | Lose or gain electron |
| What is a momotamic anion | for naming ions, use stem name and add suffix "ide" >ion , using roman numberals for ion charges |
Created by:
annabreuer