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BIO101: Obj 7+8+9

QuestionAnswer
What are the two main body portions? Axial portion and appendicular portion.
Axial portion Head, neck, and trunk.
Appendicular portion Upper and lower limbs.
What are the major body cavities of the axial portion? Cranial cavity, vertebral canal (spinal cavity), thoracic cavity, and abdominopelvic cavity.
Cranial cavity Houses brain.
Vertebral canal (spinal cavity) Contains spinal cord.
Thoracic cavity Houses lungs and thoracic viscera.
Abdominopelvic cavity Contains abdominal and pelvic viscera.
Diaphragm Muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.
Mediastinum Region between lungs in thoracic cavity; contains heart, esophagus, trachea, and thymus gland.
What are the two portions of the abdominopelvic cavity? Abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity.
Abdominal cavity Extends from diaphragm to top of pelvis; contains stomach, liver, spleen, kidneys, small intestine, and most of large intestine.
Pelvic cavity Enclosed by pelvic bones; contains end of large intestine, urinary bladder, and internal reproductive organs.
Integumentary System Body covering, protection, body temperature regulation, sensory reception, production of Vitamin D.
Skeletal System Support and movement, framework, protection, attachment sites, storage of inorganic salts, production of blood cells.
Muscular System Support and movement, main source of body heat, maintenance of posture.
Nervous System Integration and coordination of organ function through nerve impulses and neurotransmitters; rapid short-term effects.
Endocrine System Integration and coordination of organ function through chemical messengers called hormones; slower, longer-lasting effects.
Cardiovascular System Transportation of gases, nutrients, blood cells, hormones, and wastes.
Lymphatic System Transportation of fluids from tissue spaces to blood, carries fats from digestive system to blood, and defends body against infection.
Digestive System Receives food, breaks down food, absorbs digestion products, excretes waste.
Respiratory System Moves air in and out of body, exchanges gases (oxygen and carbon dioxide) between blood and air, absorbs oxygen.
Urinary System Removes blood wastes, regulates electrolyte and water balance and blood pressure, produces urine and excretes it by transporting it to outside of body.
What is the anatomical position? Standing erect, facing forward, upper limbs at the sides, palms facing forward.
What are anatomical terms of relative position based on? A person standing in anatomical position.
Sagittal section Longitudinal cut that divides body into left and right portions.
Mid-sagittal (Median) section Divides body into equal left and right portions.
Parasagittal section Sagittal section lateral to midline; divides body into unequal left and right portions.
Transverse (Horizontal) section Divides body into superior and inferior portions.
Coronal (Frontal) section Longitudinal cut that divides body into anterior and posterior portions.
Cross section A cut across the structure.
Oblique section An angular cut.
Longitudinal section A lengthwise cut.
Created by: jullian18
 

 



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