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Rocks & Fossils
Science Unit 6 Lesson 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What can tell scientists about the environment long ago? | Fossils |
| How can scientists tell what plants grew in an area millions of years ago? | By what pollens have collected on a fossil |
| How can fossils of land animals end up between layers of ocean fossils? | Sea levels go down and ocean becomes dry land Sea levels go back up, flooding the land becoming ocean again |
| What are index fossils? | Fossils that are found in the same layer of rock |
| Fossils that are found in the same layer of rock are called… | index fossils |
| Why are trilobites good index fossils? | They were common and lived many places on Earth. They can be used to compare other fossils |
| What does Earth’s crust constantly do? | Move & change |
| What are deep cracks in the Earth’s crust? | Faults |
| What are faults? | Deep cracks in the Earth’s crust |
| What can happen along fault lines? | Shifts or breaks |
| What happens if a fault line shifts or breaks | Earthquake |
| The fault is (younger/older) than the rock around it | Younger |
| How can an older layer of rock end up above a younger layer of rock? | Shifting and moving faults |
| What is the process of tilting and bending rocks? | Folding |
| What is folding? | A process of tilting and bending rocks |
| What direction do sedimentary rock layers form? | Horizontal |
| What direction do horizontal lines run? | Left to right- parallel with Earth (side to side) |
| What causes rock layers on mountains to move and expose old rocks below? | Erosion |
| How do new layers of rocks form on mountains? | Sediment is deposited |
| What is a key bed? | A layer of rock scientists can clearly identify |
| What is the later of rock scientists can clearly identify? | Key bed |
| How do key bed layers form? | Volcanic eruptions causing ash to settle Debris from meteorites or asteroids |
| What is the K-T boundary key bed mad of? | Clay |
| About how long ago was the K-T key bed made? | 66 million years |
| What is it called when many species go extinct at the same time? | Mass extinction |
| What is mass extinction? | When many species go extinct at the same time |
| What scientists find at all the sites after the Mesozoic era? | Iridium |
| Why was it puzzling to scientists to find iridium on the rocks samples after the Mesozoic era? | It is rare on Earth |
| Where is iridium usually found? | On asteroid or other objects in space |
| Scientists INFERRED a huge asteroid crashed into the Earth. What does inferred mean? | They took a guess based on the facts |
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