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Rocks Minerals Soil
Science Unit 4 Lesson 3
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the main feature in which rocks are sorted? | How they are formed |
| What are igneous rocks? | Rocks formed from molten rock, or magma |
| What kind of rocks are formed from molten rock, or magma | Igneous |
| What is a term for molten rock? | Magma |
| What is magma? | Molten rock |
| When magma has heat and pressure, how does it break through the Earth’s surface? | Lava |
| What is lava? | When magma has heat and pressure and escapes to Earth’s surface |
| What forms when lava cools? | Igneous rocks |
| What are sedimentary rocks? | Rocks from particles in the environment that have settled in layers |
| What kind of rocks are created when particles in the environment settle in layers? | Sedimentary rocks |
| What is is called when particles settle? | Sediment |
| What is sediment? | When particles collect in layers |
| Where does sediment collect? | Basins or flat surfaces |
| What collects in basins or flat surfaces? | Sediment |
| What happens to sediment over time? | It becomes stuck like glue |
| What are common sedimentary rocks? | Sandstone, limestone, and conglomerate |
| Sandstone, limestone, and conglomerate are all types of what kind of rock? | Sedimentary |
| What makes grey or white limestone? | Bones and shells of sea creatures |
| What kind of rock is made from bones and shells of sea creatures? | Limestone (grey or white) |
| What is conglomerate stock made from? | chunks of rocks glued together by other rocks |
| What types of stones are made from chunks of rocks glued together by other rocks? | Conglomerate |
| What can change rock? | Heat, pressure or both |
| What can heat, pressure or both do? | Change rock |
| What is metamorphic rock? | Rocks changed by heat, pressure, or both |
| What kinds of rocks are formed from heat, pressure, or both? | Metamorphic rock |
| What develops when rocks face heat, pressure or both? | Crystals |
| When do crystals form? | When rocks face heat, pressure or both |
| What are the three different types of rocks? | Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic |
| What is the rock cycle? | The process of rock changing from one type to another |
| What Is the process of rocks changing from one type to another? | Rock cycle |
| What does weather do to rocks? | Changes rocks into bits |
| What can change rocks into bits? | Weather |
| What are the properties of minerals? | Color, texture, luster, streak, cleavage, and hardness |
| What are color, texture, luster, streak, cleavage, and hardness? | Properties of minerals |
| What is luster? | How a mineral’s surface reflects light |
| What is it called when a mineral’s surface reflects light? | Luster |
| What does glassy luster look like? | Shiny like glass |
| What does metallic luster look like? | Polished metal |
| What are other ways to describe luster? | Pearly, Waxy, or Chalky |
| What is a mineral’s streak? | The color in powdered form |
| What is it called when a mineral’s color is in powder form? | Streak |
| How do you find a mineral’s streak? | Rub across a streak plate |
| What is cleavage? | Where minerals break along a smooth, flat, surface |
| What is it called when a mineral breaks along a smooth, flat surface? | Cleavage |
| What is hardness? | How easily the surface of a mineral can be scratched |
| What it is called when you see how easily the surface of a mineral can be scratched? | Hardness |
| How can minerals be sorted? | Metals and gems |
| What is the softest mineral? | Talc |
| What is the hardest mineral? | Diamond |
| What can diamonds be used for (besides bling!) | Make cutting tools |
| What is soil? | A mixture of rock particles, air, water and decomposing matter |
| What is a mixture of rock particles, air, water, and decomposing matter? | Soil |
| What are the main rock particles of soil? | Sand, silt, clay |
| What does the type of rock particles in a soil affect? | How the soil drains |
| What type of particle can water move through quickly? | Sand |
| What type of particles does water move through less quickly? | Clay |
| What supports plant growth? | Rich topsoil |
| What does rich topsoil support? | Plant growth |
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