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unit one med surg MH
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is the core definition of health according to the World Health Organization (WHO)? | A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease. |
| What are the three categories of factors that influence mental health? | Individual (biologic makeup, autonomy, self-esteem, resilience) Interpersonal (communication, intimacy, connection) Social (community sense, accessible resources, social inclusion). |
| What is the primary purpose of the DSM-5-TR, and what does it explicitly not focus on? | It provides standardized diagnostic criteria, defines symptoms, and establishes a common professional billing/coding nomenclature. It focuses strictly on description and classification, not treatment. |
| Who campaigned for humane conditions in the U.S. during the Period of Enlightenment, leading to the creation of 32 state hospitals? | Dorothea Dix. |
| What were the first psychotropic medications introduced in the 1950s? | Chlorpromazine (Thorazine), which is used for psychosis, and lithium, which is used for bipolar disorder. |
| What historical act shifted mental health treatment from institutional facilities to community programs, and what did it lead to? | The Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963. It led to deinstitutionalization, but also caused treatment gaps and homelessness. |
| Differentiate between the "Id," "Ego," and "Superego" in Freud's personality structure. | id (pleasure principle), ego (reality principle), superego (confidence) |
| What is the difference between Transference and Countertransference? | Transference: The client projects past feelings onto the nurse. Countertransference: The nurse projects personal emotions onto the client. |
| Match Erik Erikson's psychosocial stages for Young Adult, Middle Adult, and Older Adult. | Young Adult (18–30): Intimacy vs. Isolation Middle Adult (30–65): Generativity vs. Stagnation Older Adult (65+): Integrity vs. Despair. |
| Who is considered the "Mother of Psychiatric Nursing," and what are her four phases of the therapeutic relationship? | Hildegard Peplau. The phases are: 1. Orientation, 2. Identification, 3. Exploitation, and 4. Resolution. |
| According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, how must a nurse prioritize patient care? | Basic physiological needs (food, water, rest) and safety/security must be met first (Priority #1 / ABCs) before a patient can cooperate with higher-level emotional or spiritual goals. |
| Define the three types of crises: Maturational, Situational, and Adventitious. | Maturational: Predictable life changes (marriage, retirement). Situational: Unexpected life events (sudden illness, being fired, death of a loved one) .Adventitious: Social disasters, violence, or wide-scale crises (hurricanes, war, COVID-19). |
| What is the primary difference between a Partial Hospitalization Program (PHP) and Inpatient Care? | Inpatient care focuses on short-term stabilization and crisis management. PHP consists of structured day or evening programs that bridge inpatient care to independent living to prevent rehospitalization. |
| What is Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)? | An intensive, multidisciplinary team-based model offering 24-hour support directly in the client's home or neighborhood to prevent rehospitalization for severe, persistent mental illness. |
| Define "Self-Awareness" in psychiatric nursing and describe what happens if it is compromised. | Understanding one's own beliefs and values so they are not projected onto clients. If self-awareness is compromised, care can be degraded; nurses must keep personal values to themselves or ask for an assignment change if necessary. |
| definition of mental illness | disorders affecting mood, behavior and thinking |
| nurses role with DSM5 | To understand a mental health diagnosis |
| deinstitutionalization | transition from long term hospitals to community-based care |
| revolving door phenomenon | short stays leading to frequent readmissions before stabilization |
| A crisis | temporary state of disequilibrium when usual coping fails |
| psychiatric rehabilitation goals | promote strength, independence and recovery |
| first American psychiatric nurse | Linda Richards |
| wrote the first psychiatric nursing textbook | Harriet bailey |
| defined therapeutic nurse client relationship | Hildegard peplau |
| emphasized psychosocial strengths and nurse therapist perspective | June mellow |
| nursing roles mental health nursing | therapeutic communication, crisis intervention/education, medication administrating/ monitoring, case management and community advocacy |
| levels of awareness | conscious (current awareness), preconscious (memories easily brought up), unconscious (repressed memories) |
| Ego defense mechanisms | Denial, repression, displacement, projection |
| oral 0-18 months | comfort through sucking and eating |
| anal 18-36 months | toilet training, control vs autonomy |
| phallic 3-5 years | gender identity |
| latency 5-11 years | development of social skills |
| genital 11+ | mature relationshps |
| trust vs mistrust | infancy |
| autonomy vs shame/doubt | toddler |
| initiative vs guilt | preschool |
| industry vs inferiority | school age |
| identity vs role confussion | adloescence |
| intimacy vs isolation | young adult |
| generativity vs stagnation | middle adult |
| integrity vs despair | older adult |
| sensorimotor 0-2 years | action based learning |
| preoperational 2-6 years | egocentric thinking |
| concrete operations 6-12 years | logical thinking about concrete events |
| formal operations 12+ | future planning |
Created by:
muvamayi