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What city became the center of commerce in the East during the Spanish period? Manila
In what year did Spain close Manila's ports to all countries except Mexico? 1565
What trade system emerged after Manila's ports were closed to other countries? Manila-Acapulco Trade (Galleon Trade)
What was the Manila-Acapulco Trade commonly known as? Galleon Trade
Who discovered the return route from Cebu to Mexico in 1565? Andres de Urdaneta
Who led the expedition in which the return route was discovered? Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
How many galleons were usually used in the trade? Two galleons
What route did the first galleon travel? Acapulco to Manila
How long did the voyage from Acapulco to Manila usually take? About 120 days
How long did the voyage from Manila to Acapulco usually take? About 90 days
What Philippine products were introduced to Mexico through the Galleon Trade? Mango de Manila, tamarind, rice, carabao, cockfighting, Chinese tea and textiles, fireworks, and tuba making.
What products were introduced to the Philippines from the Americas? Guava, avocado, papaya, pineapple, horses, and cattle.
Where were most of the galleons built? The Philippines
How many galleons were built in Mexico? Eight
In what year did the Manila-Acapulco Galleon Trade end? 1815
How long did the Galleon Trade last? 250 years
What role did Manila play during the Galleon Trade? It became a major trading hub.
Who mainly operated Manila's trading hub? The Chinese
When did the Galleon Trade officially end? September 14, 1815
What happened after the end of the Galleon Trade and Mexican independence? Spain administered the Philippines directly from Madrid.
What canal connected the Mediterranean Sea to the Red Sea? Suez Canal
Where is the Suez Canal located? Egypt
Who led the construction of the Suez Canal? Ferdinand de Lesseps
When was the Suez Canal officially opened? November 17, 1869
How long did it take to construct the Suez Canal? 10 years
Why is the Suez Canal considered important geographically? It is the shortest link between the East and the West.
Before the Suez Canal, how long did travel from Spain to the Philippines usually take? About three months
After the opening of the Suez Canal, how long did the voyage take? Approximately 32–40 days
During what period did the Philippines develop an export crop economy? 1820–1870
Rise of the Export Crop Economy What major products were produced for export markets? Sugar, Manila hemp, and coffee.
Who established the Tobacco Monopoly in the Philippines? Governor-General José Basco
When was the Tobacco Monopoly established? March 1, 1782
In what year was the Tobacco Monopoly abolished? 1882
Who were the Peninsulares? Pure-blooded Spaniards born in Spain.
Which social class occupied the highest government positions? Peninsulares
Who were the Insulares? Pure-blooded Spaniards born in the Philippines.
Who were the Chinese Mestizos and Rich Natives? Wealthy landowners and commercial middlemen.
Created by: yatteyy
 

 



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