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Politics and Law
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Law | A legally enforced rule that is created by parliament and applicable to all members of society (usually) |
| Rule | Non-legal guidelines for behavior created by private groups of people or individuals and enforced within the organisation |
| Delegated Law | A law created by an organisation delegated law-making authority |
| Statutory Law | 'Acts' created by parliament/government |
| Common Law | Created through precedent and consistent ruling of judges |
| Criminal Law | To punish criminal activity |
| Civil Law | To settle civil dispute |
| Rule of Law | Everyone is equal before the law |
| Right to Fair Trial | A person's identity or situation should not affect their trial |
| Right to Legal Representation | Everyone has a right to a lawyer |
| Presumption of Innocence | A suspect is innocent until proven guilty |
| Burden of Proof | The burden of proof falls on the plaintiff, and is the responsibility to prove their claims |
| Constitution | Fundamental principles of an organisation |
| Delegation of Powers | Vesting of powers within the government |
| Separation of Powers | The division between the legislative, executive, and judiciary pillars of government |
| Bill | A proposed law |
| Act | A bill passed by the Australian parliament- referred to as an 'Act of Parliament' |
| The Universal Declaration of Human Rights | A common standard or widely accepted ruling rearding the various rights humans are entitled to. |
| Effective Law | Laws that meet the five characteristics of a law |
| Ineffective Law | Laws that do not meet the five characteristics of a law |
| The Five Characteristics of Law | - Clear - Stable - Widely known and understood - Reflecting the values of society - Enforcable |
| The Purpose of Law | - Provide guidelines for what is acceptable - Set expectations - Fundamental to social cohesion |
| The Court Heirachy | High Court of Australia Supreme Court of Appeal Supreme Court Trial Division County Court Magistrate's Court Family/Drug/Koori/ |