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Ethical Issues E2
| Question/Term | Answer/Definition |
|---|---|
| Risks of online searches for client information | Disrupts client’s control of personal information, learn information that may differ from what client has divulged during sessions, discover secrets about client, role changes from therapist to investigator |
| Administrative records | Billing, informed consent, release of info, intakes, etc. |
| Case/progress notes | Info related to content of sessions, assume they will be read |
| Informed consent for groups | Discuss: Advantages/Disadvantages, purpose of group, freedom to leave, responsibilities of members, freedom from coercion |
| Risks of client friend requests | Alters client’s perception of therapist, client assumes you have personal rather than professional relationship, client develops expectation that contacting therapist outside of session is acceptable |
| Records | Any physical recording made of information related to a therapist's practice |
| 4.03 Recording | Before recording the voices or images of individuals to whom they provide services, psychologists obtain permission from all such persons or their legal representatives |
| 6.01 Documentation of Professional & Scientific Work & Maintenance of Records | Psychologists create, and to the extent the records are under their control, maintain, disseminate, store, retain, and dispose of records and data relating to their professional and scientific work |
| 6.02 Maintenance, Dissemination, & Disposal of Confidential Records of Professional & Scientific Work | Psychologists maintain confidentiality in creating, storing, accessing, transferring, and disposing of records under their control, whether these are written, automated, or in any other medium |
| Two things to consider for family therapy | Who is the client, who gives informed consent |
| Cannot be guaranteed during family therapy or group therapy | Confidentiality |
| 10.02 Therapy Involving Couples or Families | Psychologists must clarify which individuals are clients/patients and specify the relationship the therapist will have with each person. If a dual relationship, the therapist takes steps to reduce or withdraw from other relationship. |
| Risks of group therapy | Scapegoating, undue pressure, misuse of confrontation, confidentiality not guaranteed, privileged communication does not apply |
| 10.03 Group Therapy | When psychologists provide services to several persons in a group setting, they describe at the outset the roles and responsibilities of all parties and the limits of confidentiality |
| Assessment | Core to identity of clinical psychologist, used in a range of clinical situations |
| Effect of diagnosis on patients | Positive: comfort, relief Negative: stigma, embarrassment, can impact or bias therapist |
| Reasons to diagnose | Facilitates effective treatment, provides common frame of reference |
| Rights of therapists as employees | Workplace free of discrimination, may/may not have contracts |
| Responsibilities of therapists as employers | Hire competent staff, maintain personal distance |
| Reasons to refer | Avoid abandoning clients • Unable to assist client • Not qualified/competent • Not making progress • Conflict of interest |
| Administrative supervision | Administrators give direction to therapists who are their employees. Are they performing their job appropriately? |
| Clinical supervision | Professionals review work of therapist to increase effectiveness. Helps increase skills |
| Competence of supervisors | Avoid nonprofessional relationships with supervisees, accountable for supervisee’s actions, may take on multiple roles (teacher, therapist, consultant) |
| Fair evaluations | Need to provide ongoing feedback, periodic evaluation, & opportunities to correct deficiencies |
| Principal investigator | Conceptualizes, designs, & plans study |
| Research assistant | Assists in data collection, statistical analysis, etc. |
| Research design | Must take reasonable precautions to avoid disruptions in lives of participants |
| Protecting participants from harm | Voluntary participation, informed consent, confidentiality, debriefing statement |
| Deception | Allowed when beneficial or necessary for the study, must be followed by a debrief that explains to participant what the true purpose is and why it was necessary. |
| 8.07 Deception in Research | Psychologists do not engage in deception unless deception is justified and alternative procedures are not acceptable. Psychologist does not deceive about procedures that cause harm, physical pain, or emotional stress to participant. |
| 8.08 Debriefing | Psychologists provide a prompt opportunity for participants to obtain appropriate information about the nature, results, and conclusions of the research. Psychologists correct any misconceptions participant may have about study. |
| 8.10 Reporting Research Results | Psychologists do not fabricate data. If errors are discovered, psychologist endeavors to correct them appropriately. |
| 8.12 Publication Credit | Psychologists only take responsibility or credit for work they have adequately performed or contributed to. Authorship order equates to the level of contribution to the project. |
| Standard 7 | Professional relationships and supervision |
| Standard 9 | Assessment and diagnosis |
| Standards 4 and 6 | Records and technology |
| 7.04 Student Disclosure of Personal Information | Students/supervisees are not required to disclose personal information in course or program-related activities, either orally or in writing. |
| 7.05 Mandatory Individual or Group Therapy | Faculty who are or are likely to be responsible for evaluating students’ academic performance do not themselves provide that therapy |
| 7.06 Assessing Student and Supervisee Performance | In academic/supervisory relationships, psychologists establish a timely & specific process for providing feedback. Information regarding this is provided at the beginning of supervision. Evaluations based on meeting relevant program/supervision criteria. |
| 7.07 Sexual Relationships with Students & Supervisees | Psychologists do not engage in sexual relationships w/ students or supervisees who they are likely to have evaluative authority over or are in their department. |
| Standard 10 | Families & groups |
| No specific APA code for | Social media |
Created by:
soph.beckerle