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MED TERM ch 12
Flash cards from chapter 12 in module 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| glomerul/o | glomerulus |
| nephr/o, ren/o | kidney |
| pyel/o | renal pelvis |
| ur/o, urin/o | urine |
| lith/o | stone |
| cyst/o, vesic/o | bladder |
| urethr/o | urethra |
| ureter/o | ureter |
| meat/o | opening |
| balan/o | glans penis |
| epdidym/o | epididmus |
| orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o, test/o, testicul/o | testicle |
| prostat/o | prostate |
| sperm/o, spermat/o, sperm/i | sperm |
| anuria | lack of urination |
| cystalgia, cystodynia | bladder pain |
| cystoplegia | bladder paralysis |
| dysuria | painful urination |
| enuresis | involuntary urination |
| hematuria | bloody urine |
| incontinence | inability to controle urination |
| nephralgia | pain in kidney |
| nocturia | urination at night |
| nocturnal enuresis | nighttime involuntary ruination |
| oliguria | low urine output |
| polydipsia (poly/dips/ia) | excessive thirst |
| polyuria | excessive urination |
| pyuria | pus in urine |
| ureteralgia | pain in the ureters |
| urethrodynia | pain in the urethra |
| urethrorrhea | discharge from the urethre |
| urocyanosis | blue urine |
| urodynia | painful urination |
| balanorrhea | discharge form the penis |
| orchialgia | testicle pain |
| orchidoptosis | downward displacement of a testicle |
| priapism | persistent and painful erections |
| albuminuria | protein in urine |
| azotemia (azot/emia) | nitrogen in blood |
| azotorrrhea | excessive discharge of nitrogen |
| azoturia | excessive nitrogen in urine |
| cystorrhexis | rupture of the bladder |
| dipsogenic (dipso/genic) | creating thirst |
| glucosuria, glycorsuria | sugar in the urine |
| hyperkalermia | excessive potassium in the blood |
| hyponatremia | low sodium in the blood |
| ketolysis | breakdown of ketones |
| ketonuria | ketones in urine |
| meatal stenosis | narrowing of the opening of the urethra |
| nephroptosis | downward displacement of the kidney |
| nephrosis | kidney condition |
| uremia | urine in the blood |
| ureterocele | hernia of the ureter |
| ureterolithiasis | presence of a stone in a ureter |
| ureterostenosis | narrowing of a ureter |
| urethrospasm | involuntary contraction of the urethra |
| urethrostenosis | narrowing of the urethra |
| cystoscopy | process for examining the bladder |
| meatoscope | intsrument used for examining the opening of the urethre |
| meatoscopy | process of examining the opening of the urethra |
| nephroscopy | process of examining the kidney |
| resectoscope | instrument for examining and cutting (usually prostate) |
| ureteroscopy | process of examining the ureter |
| urethroscope | instrument for examining the urethra |
| urethroscopy | process of examining the urethra |
| urinalysis | analysis of the urine to determine presence of abnormal elements |
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) | nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea; it is the product of the breakdown of amino acids for energy |
| diuresis | excessive urination |
| nephrologist | specialist in the kidneys |
| nephrology | study of the kidneys |
| urologist | specialist in the urinary tract |
| urology | study of the urinary tract |
| uropoiesis | formation of urine |
| uroxanthin | substance in urine that makes it yellow |
| voiding | another term for urination |
| anorchidism | lack of a testicle |
| aspermia | condition characterized by a lack of sperm |
| azoospermia | condition characterized by a lack of living sperm |
| cryptorchidism (crypt/orchid/ism) | hidden testicle |
| hydrocele | fluid-filled mass in a testicle |
| hypospadias | birth defect in which the opening of the urethra is an the underside of the penis instead of the end |
| oligospermia | condition characterized by low sperm production |
| phimosis | contraction of the foreskin around the penis, preventing it from being retracted |
| prostatolith | stone in the prostate |
| prostatomegaly | enlarged prostate |
| prostatorrhea | discharge from the prostate |
| seminoma | type of testicular cancer arising from sperm-forming tissue |
| spermatocele | hernia or distention of the epididymis cause by sperm cells |
| spermatolysis | destruction of sperm cells |
| digital rectal exam (DRE) | examination of the prostate using a finger inserted into the rectum |
| ejaculation | emmition of semen from the urethra |
| gonads | sexual organs |
| spermatogenesis | creation of sperm |
| vas deferens | vessel carrying sperm from the testicles |
| cystogram | image of the bladder |
| cystography | process of recording the bladder |
| nephrogram | image of the kidney |
| nephrography | process of imaging the kidney |
| nephrosonography | process of imaging kindey using sound waves |
| pyelogram | image of the renal pelvis |
| renal angiogram | image of the kidney blood vessels |
| renal angiogrphy | process of imaging kidney blood vessels |
| renal arteriogram | image of a kidney artery |
| retrograde pyelogram | image of the renal pelvis produced by injecting a contract dye from the bladder to the kidney |
| ultrasonography | imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves |
| voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) | imaging procedure of the bladder and urethra produced during urination |
| transrectal ultrasonography | procedure using a probe inserted into the rectum using high-frequency sound waves to scan through the rectum to nearby tissue |
| urethrogram | image of the urethra |
| cystitis | inflammaiton of the bladder |
| cystocele | hernia of the bladder |
| cystolith | stone in the bladder |
| cystoptosis | downward displacement of the bladder |
| cystospasm | involuntary contraction of the bladder |
| cystoureteritis | inflammation of the bladder and ureters |
| cystourethrocele | hernia of the bladder and urethra |
| glomerulonephritis | inflammation of the kidneys mostly involving the glomeruli |
| golmerulopathy | disease of the kidney involving primarily the glomeruli |
| glomerulosclerosis | hardening of the glomeruli |
| hydronephrosis | kidney condition caused by the obstruction of urine flow |
| lithonephritis | inflammation of the kidney caused by stones |
| nephritis | kidney inflammation |
| nephrocele | hernia of the kidney |
| nephrohypertrophy | overdevelopment of the kidney |
| nephrolithiasis | presence of stones in the kidney |
| nephromalacia | softening of the kidney |
| nephromegaly | enlargement of the kidney |
| nephropathy | any kidney disease |
| nephroptosis | drooping of the kidney |
| polycystic kidney disease (PKD) | disease characterized by the formation of many fluid-filled cysts in the kidney |
| pyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis |
| pyelocystitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and bladder |
| pyeloystostomosis | creation of an opening between the renal pelvis and bladder |
| pyelonephritis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney |
| pyelopathy | disease of the renal pelvis |
| pyeloureterectasia | dilation of the renal pelvis and ureter |
| pyonephritis | inflammation of the kidney caused by pus |
| pyoneprholithiasis | presence of pus and stones in the kidney |
| pyopyelactasis | pus in a dilated renal pelvis |
| renal failure | kidney failure |
| renal ischemia | deficiency of blood in the kindey |
| stess urinary incontinence (SUI) | loss of bladder control caused by the application of external pressures |
| ureteritis | inflammation of the ureter |
| ureteropyelitis | inflammation of the renal pelvis and ureter |
| ureteropyelonephritis | inflammation of a ureter, kidney, and renal pelvis |
| urethritis | inflammation of the urethra |
| urethrocystitis | inflammation of the urethra and bladder |
| urinar tract infaction | infection of the urinary tract |
| uropthy | disease if the urinary tract |
| vesicocele | hernia of the bladder |
| vesicoureteral reflux | abnormal flow of urine from the bladder back into the ureters |
| balanitis | inflammation of the penis |
| benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), benign prostate hypertrophy | noncancerous overdevelopment of the prostate, also known as enlarged prostate |
| epididymitis | inflammation of the epididymis |
| epididymo-orchitis, orchiepididymitis | inflammation of the testicles an epididymis |
| orhiditis | inflammation of the testicles |
| orchiopathy | disease of the testicles |
| orchitis, testitis | inflammation of the testicles |
| prostatitis | inflammation of the prostate |
| prostatocystitis | inflammation of the prostate and bladder |
| prostatovesiculitis | inflammation of the prostate and seminal vesicles |
| vericocele | overexpansion of the blood vessels of the testicles, leading to a sofgt tumor |
| cystoma | tumor fo the bladder |
| hypernophroma | another name for renal cell carcinoma |
| nephroma | kidney tumor |
| renal cell carcinoma | cancer of the kidneys |
| testicular carcinoma | testicular cancer |
| seminoma | type of testicular cancer arizing from sperm-forming tissue |
| chlamydia | STD charcaterized by gneital discharge and painful urination, caused by the bacterium chlamydia trachomatis |
| gonorrhea | STD , discharge from the gland, caused by bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae |
| herpes simplex virus (HSV) | highly contagious viruses that mucous membranes and produce water blisters that eventually scab over |
| human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) | disease that compromises patients immune systeem leaving open to other opportunistic infections, late stage is AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) |
| human papilloma virus (HPV) | virus that can cause warts and precancerous lesions on the genitals |
| syphilis | STD characterized at first by skin irritations then later dveloping into neurological and heart symptoms, caused by bacterium treponema pallidum |
| trichomoniasis | STC characterized by genital itching, painful urination, and genital discharge, caused by bacterium trichomonas vaginalis |
| antispasmodic | drug used to prevent spasms |
| diuretic | agent that causes urination |
| spermicide, spermolytic | agent that kills sperm |
| nephrotoxin | agent poisonous to th kidney |
| cystectomy | removal of the bladder |
| cystolithectomy | removal of stones from the bladder |
| cystostomy | creation of an opening in the bladder |
| extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) | breakdown of kindey stones using soudn waves generated outside the body |
| fulguration | use of electric current to destroy tissue |
| heminephrectomy | removal of half a kidney |
| heminephroureterectomy | surgical removal of half a kidney and a ureter |
| hemodialysis | procedure of removing waste from the blood stream |
| intracorporeal lithotripsy | breakdown of kidney stones using a device placed inside the body |
| kidney dialysis | procedure of removing waste from the blood |
| laparonephrecotmy | removal od a kidney through the abdoman |
| lithectomy | removal of a stone |
| lithocystotomy | incision into the bladder to remove a stone |
| lithotripsy | breakdown od a stone |
| meatoplasty | reconstruction of the opening of the urethra |
| meatorrhaphy | suture of the opening of the urethra |
| meatotomy | incision into the opening of the urethra |
| nephrectomy | removal of a kindey through the abdomen |
| nephrocystanastomosis | opening of a passageway between a kindey and the bladder |
| nephrolithotomy | incision into a kidney to remove a stone |
| nephropexy | fixation of a kidney |
| nephrorrhaphy | suture of a kidney |
| nephrostomy | creation of an opening in a kidney |
| nephrotomy | incision into a kidney |
| nephroureterectomy | removal of a ureter and a kindey |
| pyelolithotomy | incision into a renal pelvis to remove a stone |
| pyeloplasty | reconstruction of a renal pelvis |
| pyelostomy | creation of an opening in the renal pelvis |
| pyelotomy | incision into a renal pelvis |
| renal angioplasty | reconstruction of a kidney blood vessel |
| ureteroileostomy | creation of an opening between a ureter and the ileum |
| ureteronephrectomy | removal of a kidney and ureter |
| ureteroplasty | reconstruction of a ureter |
| ureterorrhaphy | suture of a ureter |
| urethrectomy | removal of the urethra |
| urethropexy | fixation of the urethra |
| urethroplasty | reconstruction of the urethra |
| urethrotomy | incision into the urethra |
| urinary catheterization | insertion of a catheter into the bladder to drain urine |
| urostomy | creation of an opening in the urinary tract, normally to divert urine flow away from a diseased bladder |
| vesicostomy | creation of an opening in the bladder |
| vesicotomy | incision into the bladder |
| balanoplasty | reconstruction of the penis |
| circumcision | removal of the foreskin of he penis |
| epididymectomy | removal of the epididymus |
| epididymotomy | incision into the epididymus |
| hydrocelectomy | removal of a hydrocele |
| orchidectomy, orchiectomy | removal of a testicle |
| orchidopexy, orchiopexy | fixation of a testicle |
| orchidotomy, orchiotomy | incision into a testicle |
| orchioplasty | reconstruction of a testicle |
| prostatectomy | removal of the prostate |
| prostatolithotomy | incision into the prostate to remove a stone |
| prostatovesiculectomy | removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles |
| transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) | procedure of removing all of part of the prostate by the insertion of a resectoscope into the urethra |
| vasectomy | removal of the vas deferns |
| vasovasostomy | creation of an opening between two vessels; this is the technical term for a vasectomy reversal |
| vesiculectomy | removal of the seminal vesicles |
| BUN | blood urea nitrogen |
| Bx | biopsy |
| cath | catheter |
| ESWL | extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy |
| HD | hemodialysis |
| I&O | intake and output |
| IVP | ntravenous pyelogram |
| IVU | intravenous urogram |
| KUB | kidneys, ureters, bladder |
| OAB | overactive bladder |
| PKD | polycystic kidney disease |
| RP | retrograde pyelogram |
| SUI | stress urinary incontinence |
| UA | urinalysis |
| UTI | urinary tract infection |
| VCUG | voiding cystourethrogram |
| VUR | vesicoureteral reflux |
| AIDS | acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| BPH | benign prostate hyperplasia |
| DRE | digital rectal exam |
| ED | erectile dysfunction |
| HIV | human immunodeficiency virus |
| HPV | human papilloma virus |
| HSV | herpes simplex virus |
| PSA | prostate-specific antigen |
| STD?STI | sexually transmitted disease/infection |
| TURP | transurethral resection of the prostate |
Created by:
mattrich_57