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EKG final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The ability of the heart cells to receive and transmit an electrical impulse is known as: | conductivity. |
| The AV node has several important functions that help the heart work effectively. Which of the following is not a function of the AV node? | it causes loss of atrial kick |
| The part of the autonomic nervous system that helps slow the heart rate is the: | parasympathetic branch. |
| The V1 lead should be placed at the: | fourth intercostal space, right sternal border. |
| The process of studying a current ECG tracing along with older ECGs taken at intervals to note differences in a patient's condition is: | serial ECG comparison. |
| The control on the ECG machine that increases or decreases the size of the ECG tracing is the: | gain control |
| Which of the following causes AC interference artifact? | Lead wires crossed and not pointed toward the hands and feet |
| For which of the following patients might a physician order a right-side 12-lead ECG? | A patient with dextrocardia |
| Which of the following questions is necessary to analyze a P wave on an ECG tracing? | Does each P wave have a QRS complex following it? |
| The time from the beginning of atrial depolarization to the beginning of ventricular depolarization is shown on the ECG waveform as the: | PR interval |
| The ST segment represents | the time between ventricular depolarization and the beginning of ventricular repolarization. |
| The rapid change in polarization is known as ________blank. | action potential |
| Signs and symptoms of adequate cardiac output include: | an alert and oriented patient. |
| Which of the following is NOT characteristic of sinus tachycardia? | The QRS duration is between 0.10 and 0.16 second. |
| Which of the following is a characteristic of sinus arrest? | The cardiac complexes before and after the sinus pause are usually regular. |
| Sinus exit block and sinus arrest result in similar ECG tracings. The distinguishing factor is that in sinus exit block, the: | pause duration is a multiple of the R-R or P-P interval. |
| Which of the following conditions may result in sinus exit block? | Acute myocardial infarction |
| In a premature atrial complex (PAC), the P wave may be biphasic. This means that: | the waveform has both positive and negative deflections on the ECG tracing. |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia has a changing P wave configuration with at least three variations in one lead and may also have an irregular rhythm? | Wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP) |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia occurs when electrical impulses come from areas of reentry pathways or multiple ectopic foci? | Atrial fibrillation |
| In which of the atrial dysrhythmias is the atrial rate impossible to determine? | Atrial fibrillation |
| In junctional rhythms, where does the electrical current initiate? | AV junction |
| What symptoms might occur in a patient with junctional escape rhythm? | Hypotension, confusion, and disorientation |
| Why is it unlikely that a patient would have symptoms of low cardiac output with accelerated junctional rhythm? | The heart rate is the same as normal sinus rhythm. |
| The effect of junctional tachycardia on the patient depends on ________blank. | The rate of the rhythm |
| What is the collective term for the AV node and the surrounding tissue, including the bundle of His? | AV junction |
| Which of the following is the best definition of reentry dysrhythmias? | Blockage or short circuit of the normal electrical conduction pathway |
| Which heart block rhythm has a constant PR interval that measures greater than 0.20 seconds? | First-degree AV block |
| `What type of impulse occurs too soon after the preceding impulse and causes a period when no other impulses can occur in the ventricles? | Blocked or nonconducted impulse |
| Which of the following heart block dysrhythmias is identified by a progressively longer PR interval pattern after each blocked QRS complex? | Second-degree heart block, Mobitz type I |
| What typically causes second-degree heart block, Mobitz type I? | Inflammation around the AV node |
| QRS complexes that measure 0.12 seconds or greater and have a heart rate between 20 and 40 bpm indicate that the impulses causing ventricular depolarization are coming from the ________blank. | Purkinje fibers |
| You have performed an ECG on a patient at the walk-in clinic where you work. The ECG tracing shows that the patient is in third-degree block. What is your first responsibility to this patient? | Observe the patient for symptoms of low cardiac output. |
| How does first-degree heart block affect a patient's cardiac output? | there's no effect |
| When might a patient with second-degree block, Mobitz type II, exhibit symptoms of decreased cardiac output? | When the rate of ventricular contractions decreases below 40 bpm |
| When the ECG tracing shows that a patient has a Wenckebach heart block, which of the following would the licensed practitioner be most likely to order? | Further observation for signs of decreasing cardiac output |
| In all ventricular dysrhythmias, which of the following qualities describes P-P intervals? | missing |
| Why do ventricular rhythms occur? | Because higher pacemaker sites within the heart have failed |
| What is the term for PVCs that all have a similar shape on a tracing? | Unifocal |
| Which of the following signs and symptoms are characteristic of every patient experiencing ventricular fibrillation? | Unconsciousness, apnea, and no pulse |
| What is the difference between ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation? | Ventricular tachycardia has three or more PVCs and a heart rate greater than 100 bpm; ventricular fibrillation is chaotic electrical activity with only fibrillatory waves. |
| Which of the following rhythms might a patient be able to tolerate without signs of low cardiac output | Accelerated idioventricular rhythm |
| On what basic principle do electronic pacemakers work? | The fastest pacemaker, whether inherent or artificial (electronic), controls the heartbeat. |
| Which pacemaker rhythm does not have a pacing spike before P waves? | Ventricular pacemaker rhythm |
| Which of the following is not one of the components to be evaluated on a pacemaker tracing? | The QT interval |
| Which of the following is not a typical pacemaker complication? | Depolarization after pacing spikes |
| When the pacemaker delivers ventricular pacing, the pacing spike is followed by a wide QRS complex, which looks similar to which of the following? | Left bundle branch block |
| What is another term for pacemaker competition? | Malsensing |
| Which of the following is not a reason exercise electrocardiography is used? | To evaluate how the heart responds to cardioversion |
| Which statement is correct regarding the patient who achieves the target heart rate (THR) during the test? | The test results are more reliable when the patient nears or achieves the THR. |
| You should prepare the electrode sites on a patient's skin using ________blank. | A rough piece of material for abrading the skin |
| Which of the following statements about telemetry monitoring is correct? | It consists of a small transmitting device attached to the chest with electrodes. |
| Which type of monitor saves and transmits an ECG tracing for up to 5 minutes before a patient experiences symptoms? | Loop-memory monitor |
| Which of the following is one of the primary branches of the right coronary artery and supplies blood to the walls of the right atrium and the right ventricle? | Marginal artery |
| What is the function of the tunica media? | Dilate and constrict to maintain homeostasis |
| What three symptoms, when presented together, are known as the "clinical triad" and are indicative of right ventricular failure? | Jugular vein distention, hypotension, and normal breath sounds |
Created by:
Lecia220