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MA CH04 H1E
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| physiological needs | needs that relate to the processes and activities that keep living things alive. |
| psychosocial needs | needs that involve social interaction, emotions, intellect, and spirituality. |
| holistic care | a type of care that involves caring for the whole person—including the person’s physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs. |
| person-centered care | care that emphasizes the individuality of the person who needs care and revolves around that person’s preferences, choices, and dignity. |
| premature | term used to describe babies who are born before 37 weeks’ gestation (more than three weeks before the due date). |
| sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | a condition in which babies stop breathing and die for no known reason while asleep. |
| chickenpox | a highly contagious, viral illness that was once very common among children; the varicella-zoster vaccine has greatly reduced the number of cases of this illness. |
| leukemia | a form of cancer in which the body’s white blood cells are unable to fight disease. |
| puberty | the stage at which a young person develops secondary sex characteristics. |
| anorexia | an eating disorder in which a person does not eat or exercises excessively to lose weight. |
| bulimia | an eating disorder in which a person eats large amounts of foods or very fattening foods, and then eliminates the food by vomiting, using laxatives, or exercising excessively. |
| menopause | the end of menstruation; occurs when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 months. |
| developmental disability | disability that is present at birth or emerges during childhood, up to age 22, and restricts physical and/or mental ability. |
| intellectual disability | the most common developmental disability; people with intellectual disability develop at a below-average rate and have below-average mental functioning. |
| Down syndrome | a developmental disability that occurs when an extra number 21 chromosome is present; can cause different degrees of intellectual disability and physical symptoms. |
| cerebral palsy | a developmental disability caused by brain damage while in the uterus or during birth; can cause both physical and mental disabilities. |
| spina bifida | a developmental disability caused when part of the backbone is not well developed a birth; literally means split spine. |
| autism spectrum disorder (ASD) | a developmental disability that causes differences in a person’s social interactions and communication. |
| mental health | the normal functioning of emotional and intellectual capabilities. |
| stress | the state of being frightened, excited, confused, in danger, or irritated. |
| stressor | something that causes stress. |
| defense mechanism | an unconscious behavior used to release tension or cope with stress. |
| substance abuse | the repeated use of legal or illegal substances in a way that is harmful to oneself or others. |
| chemical dependency | a disease related to substance abuse in which a person experiences negative physical, mental, and emotional effects related to drug use but continues to use the drug, often in constantly increasing amounts. |
| anxiety | uneasiness, worry, or fear, often about a situation or condition. |
| generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) | an anxiety disorder that is characterized by chronic anxiety and worry, even when there is no cause for these feelings. |
| panic disorder | disorder characterized by a person having regular panic attacks or living with chronic anxiety about having another attack. |
| social anxiety disorder | a disorder in which a person has excessive anxiety about social situations. |
| phobia | an intense, irrational fear of or anxiety about an object, place, or situation. |
| obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) | a disorder characterized by recurring intrusive behavior or thoughts that cause anxiety or stress. |
| posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) | a mental health disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event or series of events. |
| major depressive disorder/depression | a type of depressive disorder that causes pain, fatigue, apathy, sadness, irritability, anxiety, sleeplessness, and loss of appetite, as well as other symptoms; also called depression or clinical depression. |
| postpartum depression | depression experienced after the birth of a child. |
| bipolar disorder | a mental health disorder that causes a person to swing from periods of deep depression (a depressive episode) to periods of extreme activity (a manic episode). |
| schizophrenia | a type of psychotic disorder that causes problems with thinking, communication, and the ability to manage emotions, make decisions, and understand reality. |
| hallucination | a false or distorted sensory perception. |
| delusion | a persistent false belief. |
| chronic | in relation to an illness, long-term or long-lasting, requiring ongoing management of symptoms. |
| terminal illness | a disease or condition that will eventually cause death. |
| hospice care | holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approximately six months or less to live. |
| grief | deep distress or sorrow over a loss. |
Created by:
cvis