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week 3 nervous
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| cephal/o | head |
| cerebell/o | cerebellum |
| cerebr/o | brain |
| encephal/o | brain |
| gangli/o | ganglion |
| gli/o | glue, gluelike |
| lex/o | word, phrase |
| mening/o | meninges |
| meningi/o | meninges |
| myel/o | spinal cord, bone marrow |
| narc/o | sleep, stupor |
| neur/o | nerve |
| phas/o | speech |
| psych/o | mind |
| radicul/o | nerve root |
| spin/o | spine |
| sthen/o | strength |
| thalam/o | thalamus |
| ton/o | tension, tone |
| ventricul/o | ventricle |
| ADHD | attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder |
| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig’s disease) |
| ANS | autonomic nervous system |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CP | cerebral palsy |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CT | computed tomography |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| EEG | electroencephalography |
| EMG | electromyogram |
| FAST: | face drooping, arm weakness, speech difficulty, time to call 911 |
| GBS | Guillain-Barré syndrome |
| ICP | intracranial pressure |
| LOC | level of consciousness, loss of consciousness |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MVA | motor vehicle accident |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| OCD | obsessive-compulsive disorder |
| PNS | peripheral nervous system |
| SCI | spinal cord injury |
| TBI | traumatic brain injury |
| TGA | transient global amnesia |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack |
| Alzheimer disease | Form of chronic, progressive dementia caused by the atrophy of brain tissue. |
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) | Chronic, progressive, degenerative neuromuscular disorder that destroys motor neurons of the body; also called Lou Gehrig’s disease. |
| Bell palsy | Form of facial paralysis, usually unilateral and temporary; also known as facial palsy. |
| brain abscess | Collection of pus anywhere within the brain. |
| brain tumor | Any type of abnormal mass growing within the cranium. |
| cerebral concussion | Vague term referring to a brief loss of consciousness or brief episode of disorientation or confusion following a head injury. |
| cerebral contusion | Bruising of brain tissue. A contrecoup is an injury to parts of the brain located on the side opposite of where the moving head strikes an object. A coup is an injury to the brain located on the side opposite of where a moving object strikes the stationar |
| cerebral palsy (CP) | Group of motor-impairment syndromes caused by lesions or abnormalities of the brain arising in the early stages of development. |
| cerebrovascular accident (CVA) | Damage or death of brain tissue caused by interruption of blood supply due to a clot or vessel rupture; also known as stroke. |
| delirium | Acute, reversible state of agitated confusion, marked by disorientation, hallucinations, or delusions. |
| dementia | Progressive neurological disorder, with numerous causes, in which an individual suffers an irreversible decline in cognition due to disease or brain damage; sometimes called senility. |
| depression | Mood disorder marked by loss of interest or pleasure in living. |
| encephalitis | Inflammation of the brain; often combined with meningitis and then called encephalomeningitis. |
| epidural hematoma | Collection of blood between the dura mater (dur/o = hard) and the skull. The illustration shows an epidural hematoma and a subdural hematoma. |
| epilepsy | Chronic disorder of the brain marked by recurrent seizures, which are repetitive abnormal electrical discharges within the brain. |
| Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) | Acute inflammatory disorder that causes rapidly progressing paralysis (which is usually temporary) and sometimes sensory symptoms; also known as inflammatory polyneuropathy. A variant of GBS is Miller Fisher syndrome. |
| Huntington disease | Hereditary, progressive, degenerative nervous disorder that leads to involuntary movements and dementia. When patients develop involuntary jerking or twitching, it is called Huntington chorea. |
| meningitis | Infection and inflammation of the meninges, the spinal cord, and CSF, usually caused by an infectious illness; often combined with encephalitis and then called encephalomeningitis. |
| migraine headache | Familial disorder marked by episodes of severe throbbing headache that is commonly unilateral and sometimes disabling. |
| multiple sclerosis (MS) | Disease involving progressive myelin degeneration, which results in loss of muscle strength and coordination. |
| neural tube defect | Incomplete closure of the spinal canal, which may allow protrusion of the spinal cord and meninges at birth, leading to paralysis; also known as spina bifida. |
| Parkinson disease | Progressive, degenerative disorder that results in tremors, gait changes, and occasionally dementia. Parkinsonism is a condition that resembles Parkinson disease. It has a different cause, such as medications, and symptoms can stabilize or improve. |
| peripheral neuropathy | Dysfunction of nerves that transmit information to and from the brain and spinal cord, characterized by pain, altered sensation, and muscle weakness. |
| poliomyelitis | Inflammation of the spinal cord, caused by a virus, which may result in spinal and muscular deformity and paralysis. |
| Reye syndrome | Serious disease associated with aspirin use by children with viral illnesses, which may result in permanent brain damage or even death. |
| sciatica | Pain, numbness, weakness, or tingling that is felt from the lower back along the pathway of the sciatic nerve into the legs. |
| shingles | Unilateral painful vesicles occurring on the upper body, caused by a reactivation of the dormant herpes varicella zoster virus; also called herpes zoster or zona. |
| spinal cord injury (SCI) | Traumatic bruising, crushing, or tearing of the spinal cord. |
| spinal stenosis | Narrowing of an area of the spine that puts pressure on the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. |
| subdural hematoma | Collection of blood between the dura and the arachnoid layer (middle or second layer of the meninges). |
| tension headache | Non-migraine headache in which pain is felt in all or part of the head. |
| tetanus | Noncontagious acute illness caused by toxins from Clostridium tetani in an infected wound. Tetanus produces severe, prolonged spasms of skeletal muscle fibers, muscle rigidity, and often respiratory failure; also known as lockjaw. |
| transient global amnesia (TGA) | Rare disorder, not caused by a neurological event or injury, that causes sudden, temporary loss of recent memory. |
| transient ischemic attack (TIA) | Temporary strokelike symptoms caused by a brief interruption of blood supply to a part of the brain. |
| traumatic brain injury (TBI) | Injury to the brain following a blow to the head, commonly caused by a fall or motor vehicle accident |
| trigeminal neuralgia (TN) | Neurological disorder that causes severe, episodic facial pain along the pathway of the fifth cranial (trigeminal) nerve; also called tic douloureux. |
Created by:
klaustel