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Week 1

Week 1 in a Nutshell

QuestionAnswer
ACT - Founder Steven C. Hayes
ACT - Why use it? Helps clients stop fighting their thoughts and feelings Builds psychological flexibility
ACT - Therapist looks like Calm, present, and non-judgmental Uses metaphors and mindfulness Does not argue with the client’s thoughts
ACT - How it's implemented Teach acceptance of internal experiences Help client “defuse” from thoughts (see them as just thoughts) Clarify values Encourage committed action toward values
ACT - When to use Anxiety Trauma Clients stuck in avoidance patterns Exam tip: If the therapist is helping the client accept thoughts instead of changing them, think ACT
Adlerian - Founder? Alfred Adler
Adlerian - Why use it? • Focuses on feelings of inferiority and striving for belonging • Helps clients understand life patterns and goals To help identify how their social relationships and childhood experiences has shaped them today.
Adlerian - Therapist looks like • Encouraging and collaborative • Interested in early childhood experiences • Focused on social connection • Purposeful and goal-directed.
Adlerian - How it's implemented • Explore early recollections • Identify lifestyle and core beliefs • Reframe mistaken beliefs • Encourage healthier goals and behaviors • By using techniques to explore the client's past.
Adlerian - When to use • Low self-esteem • Identity issues • Family, couples, and group therapy.
Adlerian - Exam tips If you see birth order, early memories, or inferiority, think Adlerian Anytime you see the word “early” on the exam … it means Adlerian. “Early experiences”, “Early memories”, “Early recollections”
Attachment - Founder John Bowlby (expanded by Mary Ainsworth)
Attachment - Why use it? To help the clients rebuild trust and security. In children, this is done by strengthening the caregiver/child relationship. In adults, this is done by helping them develop a healthy sense of self and relationships.
Attachment - Therapist looks like • Warm, emotionally attuned • Focused on relationship patterns • Helps clients feel safe • They focus on a lot of questions and exploration of the client.
How it's implemented Attachment therapists spend a lot of time assessing the clients' attachment styles to help the clients understand how they are interacting in relationships.
Attachment - When to use • Relationship problems • Trauma or neglect • Clients with fear of abandonment or closeness
Attachment - Exam tip If the issue is relationship patterns rooted in childhood, think attachment
Behavioral - Founder B. F. Skinner (also influenced by Ivan Pavlov)
Behavioral - Why use it • Change observable behaviors • Focus on learning through reinforcement • To increase desirable behaviors or reduce unwanted behaviors.
Behavioral - Therapist looks like • Very structured and direct • Focuses on behavior, not feelings • Uses measurable goals • They tend to be direct and focused on the present causes of behavior rather than past things that may be influencing.
Behavioral - How it's implemented • Reinforcement (reward desired behavior) • Exposure therapy • Behavior modification plans • Systematic desensitization • Through reinforcement or punishment to shape behavior
Behavioral - When to use • Phobias • Anxiety • Behavior problems in children • Disorders that include behavioral elements like Conduct Disorder, Substance Use Disorder, Impulse Control Disorder, Phobias, and some Sleep Disorders.
Behavioral - Exam tip If you see reinforcement, rewards, or exposure, think Behavioral Behaviors/behavioral. If the exam asks questions describing symptoms in terms of behaviors, they are likely referring to behavioral therapy.
Created by: PsychMama3
 

 



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