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Lesson 4.1 & 4.2

TermDefinition
What is the universe made up of? Matter, energy, and space
What is the largest object in space? IC 1101, which is a galaxy
Observable universe Everythings exsistance weve been able to confirm or observe
How old is the universe 13.8 billion years old
What do galaxies contaian? Stars, Gas, and dust (Held together by gravity)
Spiral galaxies Long twisting arms (where stars are formed), star factories,
What type of galaxy is the milky way? A spiral galaxy
Elliptical galaxy Very old, do not create new stars, looks like one giant star
Irregular galaxy Galaxies that do not fit into spiral, or elliptical galaxies.
The local group It is a group of 30 galaxies, which include the milky way
How much galaxies and stars are there in the universe about 100 billion galaxies, and 10 billion trillion stars
what are stars big balls of gas held by gravity
What are star clusters groups of stars that were formed at the same time and place
what is the sun? big hot ball of hydrogen gas (15 million degrees celcius)
what is a planet A body that orbits the sun, and has a round shape
what is a moon a large body that orbits a planet
light years The distance a light beam travels in one year
Interplanetary distances the distances between planets (measured in km or AU)
AU / astronomical units the distance between earth and the sun
Interstellar distances the distance between stars in a galaxy (measured in light years)
Intergalactic distances the distance between galaxies (measured in light years)
what discovery in 1964 was key to supporting the big bang theory? the cosmic background radiation
was the big bang an explosion? no, it was just space stretching everywhere
what happened to the tempreture of matter as distance increased? its tempreture dropped because the matter lost energy.
what did n eutrons and protons form from? particals called quarks
what was the first atom formed? Hydrogen
how were stars and galaxies formed? hydrogen gas began to clump together
what is the doppler effect? its the change in frequencey and wavelength of a source when it is moving
what is the red shift? when these objects are moving away from us, they give off a red shift, using spectral lines to observe
What is the blue shift? when object are moving towards us, they give off a blue shift, using spectral lines to observe
why are some galaxies colliding with others? due to the large force of gravity between them.
what 2 dwarf galaxies are gravatationally attracted to our own? the magellanic galaxies
Created by: Lily Ibrahim
 

 



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