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Final Exam Reading
Final Exam Reading Assignment Questions
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| How many skin cells are lost every minute? | 30-50 million |
| Approximately how many sweat glands does a person have? | 2 million |
| Which of the following is not really part of skin? | Hypodermis |
| Light moon shaped are around base of nails | Lunula |
| About how often is your skin completely replaced? | Every month |
| Part of the skin that protects from UV light? | Melanin |
| Serves as insulation | Subcutaneous fat |
| Protects deep tissue from trauma | Hypodermis |
| Sweat glands in groin area | Apocrine |
| Provides source of energy to protect from starvation | Hypodermis |
| Dead, overlapping keratinized cells serve to provide waterproofing | Stratum corneum |
| Protects against UV light? | Melanin |
| Hard protein making up hair/ nails | Keratin |
| Another name for dermis | Corium |
| Which of these cells are in the basal layer? | Melanocytes |
| Superficial vessels dilate in order to | lower temperature |
| Sweat glands under arms | Aprocrine |
| Muscles responsible for goosebumps | Arrector pili |
| Typically how much does skin weigh in the average adult? | 20 lbs |
| Protection from trauma, insulation from heat/cold, source of energy in starvation, are functions of the | hypodermis |
| The tricuspid valve is between the r. atrium and | right ventricle |
| Vessel that transports blood from right ventricle to the lungs | Pulmonary artery |
| Ventricular repolarization, when the heart is preparing for the next beat, is represented on the EKG by the; | T Wave |
| Atrial depolarization, corresponding to atrial contractions, on EKG is represented by | P Wave |
| Valve between left atrium and left ventricle | Mitral |
| Systole is the | Contracting phase of heart beat |
| Located in the ventricular septum | Bundle of His |
| What aids blood return to heart in veins | Skeletal muscle contractions |
| Atrial depolarization on EKG is represented by | P Wave |
| Pacemaker of heart | SA Node |
| Arterial elasticity, diameter of vessels, viscosity of blood, volume of blood, resistance to blood flow are all factors that affect | blood pressure |
| Another name for the epicardium is the | visceral pericardium |
| This part of the heart serves to reduce the friction of blood flow | Endocardium |
| Ventricular depolarization (contraction of the ventricles) is represented on the EKG by the | QRS |
| The outer layer of the pericardium | Parietal |
| The QRS represents | Ventricular depolarization/ ventricular contraction |
| Which of the following is a gaseous waste product of metabolism | Carbon dioxide |
| Vessel that carries blood from lungs to left side of heart | pulmonary vein |
| The largest artery in the body is | Aorta |
| The relaxation phase of the heart is | diastole |
| ___ globulin acts as an antibody | Gamma |
| The normal amount of red cells/ cubic millimeter is | 5 million |
| Which of the following is an agranulocyte | monocyte |
| Can a person with O positive blood give to any universal recipient | False |
| Which of the following is a blood clotting protein | Fibrinogen |
| Least amount of white blood cells | Basophils |
| The smallest formed elements are | platelets |
| The substance in the blood transports the majority of oxygen to the cells | Hemoglobin |
| A person with AB blood can give blood to A or B but not get blood from either | False |
| Which of the following is not a plasma protein | Thromboplastin |
| Protein that transports fatty substances which will not dissolve in water | Albumin |
| The percentage of blood composed of plasma | 55 |
| Transports fatty substances that cannot dissolve in plasma | Albumin |
| Which of the following is not a granulocyte? | Monocyte |
| Which cells in the body are enucleated? | Red blood cells |
| What is the most common globulin? | Gamma globulin |
| A clotting protein | Fibrinogen |
| What substance does thromboplastin react with to initiate blood clotting | Prothrombin |
| Which of the following in NOT a granulocyte | Lymphocyte |
| WBC that increase and destroy parasites | Eosinophils |
| What blood cells have a life expectancy of about 4 months? | Erythrocytes |
| Which tonsils are also known as the adenoids? | Pharyngeal |
| Lymph vessels that pick up fats in the intestines for transport | Lacteals |
| Another name for antibody | Immunoglobin |
| Universal blood donor | O Negative |
| Lymph fluid becomes milky white after | absorbing fat |
| Type of immunity that does not require exposure to pathogen | Innate |
| Which of the following is associated with cells that make antibodies | Humoral immunity |
| These foreign proteins are recognized by the immune system as 'non-self' which stimulates an immune response in a healthy person | Antigens |
| Filters and destroys old blood cells, recycles iron, and stores some of blood supply for body | Spleen |
| Which of the following work to remove pathogens? | Antibodies |
| What changes lymphocytes to T-lymphocytes? | Thymosin |
| What cells release thromboplastin? | Platelets |
| Smallest of formed elements, not really cells but fragments of when a megakaryocyte ruptured | Platelets |
| Passage of maternal antibodies to a fetus is an example of | passive acquired immunity |
| Lymphatic duct that empties into left subclavian | Thoracic |
| The adenoids are also known as the ____ tonsils | Pharyngeal |
| Which of the following is NOT part of the lymphatic system? | Liver |
| When is the thymus most active | Childhood |
| Infection acquired in hospital | Nosocomial |
| Gas exchange between lung and atmosphere | external respiration |
| If carbon dioxide in blood decreases, respiratory rate would | decrease |
| Structure that opens into nasopharynx and is helpful with balance | Eustachian tubes |
| Which is NOT a function of the mucus membranes | gas exchange |
| Air sacs of lung | alveoli |
| What normally regulates respiratory rate? | Carbon Dioxide levels |
| Cilia in the airways function as a | filter |
| The Adam's apple is the | thyroid cartilage |
| Smallest of airways that do not have cartilage | Brochioles |
| The respiratory rate responds to injury | by decreasing |
| The trachea branches into bronchioles | False |
| A person with pneumonia would likely exhibit hyperventilation | True |
| Opening between vocal chords | glottis |
| These/This structure(s) is/are responsible for filtering out pathogens | tonsils |
| The major muscle of breathing is the | diaphragm |
| The normal respiratory rate is | 12-20 |
| The tonsils are part of the | lymphatics |
| Structure separating oral and nasal cavities | palate |
| The average trachea is ___ inches long | 4 |
| Gas exchange between blood and tissue | internal respiration |
| Substance that aids in emulsification of fats | bile |
| Used for growth and repair * | Not Sure * |
| Site in GI tract where most nutrients are absorbed | small intestine |
| Wisdom teeth are also known as | 3rd molars |
| the LES is also known as the | cardiac |
| Liquid formed by digestion and gastric juices | chyme |
| Tight band of muscle tissue | sphincter |
| Which of the following are cutting teeth? | cuspids |
| Stores bile | gallbladder |
| The enzyme in saliva is | amylase |
| Baby teeth are also known as | deciduous |
| Chewed food ready to be swallowed | Bolus |
| Organ that produces neutralizing buffers | Pancreas |
| Which of the following are used for growth and repair of organs? * | Not sure * |
| The small intestine is approximately ___ long | 20 ft |
| The longest part of the small intestine is the | ileum |
| The esophagus is approximately ___ inches long | 10 |
| Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of digestion | Stomach |
| One function of the uvula is active in | gagging |
| The entire digestive tract is approximately ___ feet long | 30 |
| Which of the following is secreted by kidney | ammonia |
| The kidneys are shaped like a | bean |
| Place where nutrients, water, and electrolytes are reabsorbed into the blood stream | peritubular capillaries |
| Which of the following are secreted by by the kidney | ammonia and uric acid |
| Measure of how concentrated urine is | specific gravity |
| What is encased in the Bowman's capsule? | glomerulus |
| Each kidney contains approximately ___ nephrons | 1 million |
| Presence of the following in urine indicated increases in fat metabolism | ketones |
| The renal system can be compared to a | water filtration plant |
| Place where nutrients, electrolytes, and water are reabsorbed into blood * | * Not sure |
| Vessel that carries cleansed blood back to general circulation from kidney | renal vein |
| The second step of urine production is | reabsorption |
| The amount of blood filtered by the kidney every minute is approximately | 20% |
| By products of muscle metabolism are called | nitrogenous wastes |
| Folds in bladder that allow it to expand | rugae |
| Filtration in the kidney occurs in the | glomerulus |
| The blood filtering portion of the nephron is the | renal capsule |
| Which of the following is not a function of the kidneys | excrete glucose |
| How much urine generally causes the internal sphincter to relax | 300-400 cc |
| About how much urine is produced everyday? | 1,000-2,000 ml |
| The area between the the vagina and rectum is the | perineum |
| Hormones responsible for secondary female characteristics | estrogen |
| Second stage of labor | expulsion |
| The lowest part of the uterus is the | cervix |
| The thinning of the cervix preparing for delivery is called | effacement |
| Hormone that stimulates ovulation * | Don't know * |
| The normal slightly bent forward uterine position is referred to as | anteflexion |
| Menopause usually occurs between the ages of | 45-55 |
| Most congenital birth defects develop during the ___ period of pregnancy | embryonic |
| Where are sperm formed | Semineferous tubules |
| Normal position of uterus | anteflexion |
| Area between scrotum and anus is the | perineum |
| Another name for uterine tubes is | oviduct |
| Collectively the male sex hormones are known as | androgens |
| Which of the following is a female sex hormone? | Progesterone |
| First stage of labor is | dilation |
| The upper part of the uterus is the | fundus |
| How long are the fallopian tubes? | 3-5 inches |
| The cervix is considered fully dilated when it reaches | 10 cm |
| What is the shape of testes? | egg |
| Serves to insulate and keep impulses flowing fast | myelin |
| Shock absorber for the brain to protect against sudden violent motion | CSF |
| Outermost meningeal layer is the | dura meter |
| Part of brain concerned with movement and balance | cerebellum |
| What part of your nervous system does a lot of work after a big meal? | parasympathetic |
| Connects brain to spinal cord | medulla |
| This lobe of the brain interprets sensory impulses | parietal |
| Connects cerebellum to rest of brain | pons |
| Lobe of brain associated with language | parietal |
| Vision is associated with the ___ lobe | occipital |
| Part of the brain that perceives pain | thalamus |
| Nerves that serve skin and skeletal muscles | somatic |
| Serves as center for relaying impulses from eyes and ears | thalamus |
| These nerves carry impulse away from the central nervous system | efferent |
| Stimulation of this type of nerve is useful in a crisis situation | sympathetic |
| Which of the following houses the thalamus and hypothalamus | diencephalon |
| controls automatic nervous system and release of hormones from pituitary | hypothalamus |
| This membrane is the innermost meningeal layer | pia mater |
| Which of the following is not part of a neuron | neurological cell |
| Part of neuron that transmits across a synapse to the next neuron | axon |
Created by:
EmmaBlake