Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
IMPL 2
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Metals | Solid materials (except mercury) that are typically hard, shiny, malleable, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity; found naturally as ores. |
| Ferrous Metals | Metals that contain iron (e.g., steel, cast iron); strong but prone to rust. |
| Non-Ferrous Metals | Metals that do not contain iron (e.g., aluminum, copper, gold); lighter and corrosion-resistant. |
| Pig Iron | The product of smelting iron ore, coke, and limestone in a blast furnace; contains 3–4% carbon, making it hard and brittle. |
| Wrought Iron | Almost pure iron with very low carbon content (<0.08%); soft and malleable. |
| Steel | Iron refined to have a controlled carbon content, making it stronger and more versatile than pig iron or wrought iron. |
| Low Carbon Steel (Mild Steel) | Steel with 0.05%–0.30% carbon; soft, ductile, easily welded and formed. Used for car bodies, pipes, and construction sheets. |
| Medium Carbon Steel | Steel with 0.30%–0.60% carbon; stronger and harder, less ductile, harder to weld. Used for gears, axles, and machinery parts. |
| High Carbon Steel | Steel with 0.60%–1.5% carbon; very hard, wear-resistant, but brittle. Used for cutting tools, springs, blades, and high-strength wires. |
| Chromium (Cr) | Alloying element that improves hardness, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. |
| Nickel (Ni) | Alloying element that increases toughness and strength while improving corrosion resistance. |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | Alloying element that adds strength at high temperatures and resistance to pitting/creep. |
| Vanadium (V) | Alloying element that enhances hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue strength. |
| Tool Steels | Steels containing elements like V, Mo, W; used for cutting tools, dies, and molds due to their hardness and wear resistance. |
| Stainless Steels | Steels high in Cr and often Ni; resistant to rust and corrosion, used in kitchenware, medical instruments, and construction. |
| Spring Steels | Steels with high yield strength that return to their original shape after bending or twisting; used in car suspension springs and industrial machines. |
| Aluminum (Al) | Lightweight, strong enough for structures, with excellent corrosion resistance; used in aircraft/automotive parts, beverage cans, window frames. |
| Copper (Cu) | Metal with excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, ductile and corrosion-resistant; used in electrical wiring, plumbing, electronics, coins. |
| Magnesium (Mg) | The lightest structural metal, with a good strength-to-weight ratio and easy machinability; used in aircraft/automotive components and lightweight alloys. |
| Refractory Metals | Metals with very high melting points suited for extreme heat (e.g., Tungsten, Molybdenum, Tantalum); "heat-proof" but hard to work with. |
| Tungsten (W) | Refractory metal with the highest melting point of all metals (~3,422°C); extremely strong at high temperatures. |
| Tantalum (Ta) | Refractory metal with a melting point of ~3,017°C; highly resistant to heat and corrosion. |
| Martensite | A hard and brittle microstructure produced by rapid quenching; used for cutting tools and wear-resistant applications, but needs tempering to reduce brittleness. |
| Pearlite | A laminar (layered) mixture of ferrite and cementite formed by slow cooling of austenite; has balanced strength and ductility, used for rails and structural steel. |
| Bainite | A fine, needle-like microstructure formed at a cooling rate between martensite and pearlite; has good toughness and strength, used in automotive components and armor plating. |
| Quenching | Rapid cooling of steel that forms martensite (hard but brittle). |
| Tempering | Reheating quenched steel to a lower temperature, then cooling; reduces brittleness of martensite and improves toughness. |
| Annealing | Heating metal to a specific temperature, then cooling slowly; relieves stresses, softens the material, and restores ductility. |
| Normalizing | A heat treatment that produces a uniform pearlite structure with good mechanical balance. |
| Hardening | Heating steel above its critical temperature, then rapid quenching in water, oil, or air; produces a hard and wear-resistant martensitic structure. |
| Case Hardening (Carburizing) | Adding carbon to the outer surface of low-carbon steel via diffusion, then quenching; creates a hard, wear-resistant surface with a tough inner core. |
Created by:
romulols