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Figurative Language
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is alliteration? | Repeating the first letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words Ex. Mom made me move the mushrooms. |
| What is hyperbole? | Exaggeration in a statement or claim to make a point Ex. It's raining cats and dogs. |
| What is personification? | Giving human characteristics to objects or animals Ex. The moon smiled at me. |
| What is onomatopoeia? | Words that mimic the sound of the object or action referred to Ex. Achoo, Boom, etc |
| What is an oxymoron? | Using contradictory terms in conjunction with each other. Ex. walking dead, disgustingly delicious, etc |
| What is symbolism? | When an item stands for an idea or larger meaning; usually used throughout a piece of literature Ex. gold standard, smoking gun, etc |
| What is allusion? | A reference to someone or something outside of the text Ex. You're being a Scrooge. He was a real Romeo with the ladies. |
| What is an idiom? | A phrase or expression that does not mean the same as the literal words Ex. Break a leg. |
| What is irony? | An incongruity between what the reader expects the author to mean and what they actually mean Ex. "...honesty is always the best policy. This is a superstition..." Twain uses a common expression, but as a setup to debunk the expression. |
| What is a parable? | A simple story that illustrates a moral lesson Ex. "The Boy Who Cried Wolf" |
| What is an analogy? | Comparisons between two things, often to drive home a point Ex. That's as useful as rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic |
| What is a metaphor? | Comparing an object or action to something else that is not literally applicable Ex. My office is a disaster. Life is a roller coaster. |
| What is a simile? | Comparing two things using "like" or "as" Ex. I am as blind as a bat without my glasses. |
| What is an allegory? | A metaphor extended to an entire work where characters, events, or settings symbolize deeper meanings, often moral, political, or religious |
| What are two traits of an allegory? | The symbolic meaning is carried throughout the entire story Often teaches a lesson or critiques society |
| What is an example of an allegory? | The Crucible by Arthur Miller Why? Because of the Red Scare |
| What is an allusion? | A reference to a well-known person, event, work of literature, or cultural idea |
| What are two traits of an allusion? | Relies on shared knowledge Can be biblical, mythological, historical, literary, or pop culture |
| What is an example of an allusion? | "Five score years ago..." – MLK alluding to Lincoln's Gettysburg Address |
| What is an aphorism? | A short, witty statement that expresses a general truth or principle |
| What are two traits of an aphorism? | Often uses contrast or paradox Memorable and philosophical |
| What is an example of an aphorism? | "An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind." – Attributed to Gandhi |
| What is an apostrophe? | A direct address to an absent person, an abstract idea, or an inanimate object |
| What are two traits of an apostrophe? | Sometimes begins with "Oh" or "O" Common in poetry and drama to indicate a direct address |
| What is an example of an apostrophe? | "O happy dagger! This is thy sheath." – Romeo and Juliet |
| What is an antithesis? | A rhetorical device that places contrasting ideas side by side to highlight differences |
| What are two traits of an antithesis? | Often structured in parallel syntax Emphasizes opposition or contrast |
| What is an example of an antithesis? | "The greatest leader of our time has been struck down by the foulest deed of our time." – Lyndon B. Johnson |
| What is an extended metaphor/simile? | A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a passage or an entire work |
| What are two traits of an extended metaphor/simile? | Develops deeper meaning Used in poetry and prose beyond just a single phrase |
| What is an example of an extended metaphor/simile? | "All the world's a stage..." – As You Like It by William Shakespeare |
| What is foreshadowing? | A clue that hints at future events in a story |
| What is a trait of foreshadowing? | Creates suspense or prepares the reader for what's to come |
| What is an example of foreshadowing? | Lennie killing small animals foreshadows greater violence in Of Mice and Men |
| What is a hyperbole also used for? | Humor |
| What are two traits of a hyperbole? | Not meant to be taken literally Often used in speech and poetry |
| What is an example of hyperbole? | "It was so cold the geese flew backward...and the snow turned blue." – Legend of Paul Bunyon |
| What is imagery? | Descriptive language that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, taste, touch, smell) |
| What is a trait of imagery? | Uses sensory details and figurative language to create vivid mental pictures |
| What is an example of imagery? | "On every rail and gate, wet lay clammy; and the marsh-mist was so thick..." – Great Expectations |
| What is metonymy? | A figure of speech where something is referred to by an associated object (or part of a whole) |
| What is a trait of metonymy? | Commonly used in rhetoric and literature |
| What is an example of metonymy? | "The White House issued a statement," where The White House = U.S. government "If you like it then you should've put a ring on it" where ring = marriage |
| What is parallelism? | The repetition of grammatical structures in phrases or clauses for rhythm and emphasis |
| What is a trait of parallelism? | Creates a sense of balance, clarity, and persuasive impact |
| What is an example of parallelism? | "Ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you can do for your country." – JFK |
| What is personification? | Giving human traits to inanimate, non-living objects |
| What are two traits of personification? | Makes description more vivid and relatable Can make abstract concepts more concrete |
| What is an example of personification? | Because I could not stop for Death – He kindly stopped for me – The Carriage held but just Ourselves – And Immortality." – Emily Dickinson |
| What is repetition? | Deliberately reusing words, phrases, or structures to emphasize a point |
| What are two traits of repetition? | Strengthens impact and rhythm Common in speeches and poetry |
| What is an example of repetition? | "I have a dream..." – Martin Luther King, Jr. |
| What is a rhetorical question? | A question asked for effect rather than to get an actual answer |
| What is a trait of rhetorical question? | Encourages thought, persuasion, or emphasis |
| What is an example of a rhetorical question? | "What's in a name? That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet." – Romeo and Juliet |
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