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Economic Principles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Cyclical Unemployment | Indicates Poor Economy |
| Structural Unemployment | When skill set of workers doesn't match available jobs |
| Frictional Unemployment | Period of time when people are between jobs |
| Monetary Policy | Central Bank controls the supply of money |
| Fiscal Policy | Changes in govt spending and taxing |
| Federal Reserve Jobs | Stabilize prices, formulate monetary policies, keep unemployment low, manage interest rates |
| Fixed Capital | Production equipment that can be used over and over again |
| Working capital | raw materials and unsold inventory |
| Opportunity Cost | The cost of giving up another opportunity |
| Mixed Market Economy | Some govt involvement, some free trade (USA is this) |
| Expansionary Policies | Lower taxes, pull out of recession, free up money for consumers |
| Contractionary Policies | Goal is to shrink economy. Reduce consumer spending, lower economic output, raise taxes. |
| Free Market Theory | Supply and demand (consumers) |
| Pure competition | Standardized products, lots of sellers, etc. |
| Oligopoly | Small number of large companies |
| Monopolistic competition | Big companies selling slightly different products: McDonalds, Burger King |
| Equilibrium | When supply meets demand |