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Mental Health Terms
Nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Amygdala | Alerts the brain to the presence of danger and brings about fear or anxiety to preserve the system |
| Executive Functioning | Is an umbrella term for the management (regulation, control) of cognitive processes, including working memory, reasoning, flexibility, and problem solving as well as planning and execution |
| Limbic System | the part of the brain that is related to emotions and is referred to by some as the emotional brain. It is involved in the mediation of fear and anxiety, anger and aggression, love, joy and hope, sexuality, and social behavior |
| Pre-frontal cortex | Part of the brain within the front part of cerebral cortex; it controls personality expression, decision making, and moderating social behavior |
| Neurotransmission | The process of transmitting a nerve impulse across a synapse between two cells in the nervous system, mediated by neurotransmitters |
| Abstract Thinking | a level of thinking about things that is removed from the facts of the "here and now", and from specific examples of the things or concepts being though about. |
| Concrete Thinking | thinking grounded in immediate experience rather than abstraction. There is an overemphasis on specific detail as opposed to general and abstract concepts |
| Affect | The outward expression of a person's internal emotional state |
| Flat Affect | immobile or blank facial expression |
| Blunted Affect | reduced or minimal emotional response |
| Labile Affect | quickly changing |
| Inappropriate Affect | not appropriate for the topic or situation |
| Incongruent Affect | doesn't match topic |
| Mood | a temporary state of mind or feeling. The subjective emotional state that the client describes |
| Mood Lability | frequent or intense mood changes or shifts |
| Mood Elated/Euphoric | emotional excitement marked by acceleration of mental and bodily activity, with extreme joy and an overly optimistic attitude even in the face of negative circumstances |
| Euthymic | a normal non-depressed, reasonably positive mood |
| Akathisia | regular rhythmic movements, usually of the lower limbs, with constant pacing sometimes seen; often notice in people taking anti-pyschotic medications |
| Anhedonia | the inability to experience pleasure |
| Apathy | lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern |
| Catatonia | a pronounced increase or decrease in the rate and amount of movement; the most common form is stuporous behavior in which the person moves little or not at all. |
| Circumstantiality | speech that is delayed in reaching the point and contains excessive or irrelevant details a disturbance of associative thought and speech processes in which a person digresses into unnecessary, tedious details before communicating the central idea |
| Clang Association | refers to speech marked by words grouped by their sound or rhyme and not by their meaning |
| Co-dependance | coping behaviors that prevent individuals from taking care of their own needs and have as their core a preoccupation with the thoughts and feeling of another or others |
| Compulsion | unwanted repetitive, purposeful act, driven to do it, behavior thought to neutralize or prevent discomfort or some dreaded event |
| Confabulation | unconsciously filling in memory gaps with imagined material |
| Coping Skills | what i do to deal with a feeling or situation. Can be positive, negative, or both. |
| Delusion | false belief held to be true even with evidence to the contrary |
| Depersonalization | a phenomenon whereby a person experiences a sense of unreality of or estrangement from the self. |
| Euthymic | a normal non-depressed, reasonably positive mood |
| Euphoric | emotional excitement by acceleration of mental and bodily activity, with extreme joy and an overly optimistic attiitude |
| Disorganized Thoughts | may not be able to concentrate on one thought for very long and may easily be distracted, unable to focus attention |
| Dissociation | an unconscious defense mechanism that allows blocking of overwhelming anxiety stemming from disintegration of functions of consciousness |
| Echolalia | repeating of the last words spoken by another |
| Echopraxia | mimicry or imitation of the movements of another person |
| Flight of ideas | a rapid shifting of ideas where the mind jumps from one thought to the next very quickly |
| Fugue State | rare disorder characterized by reversible amnesia for personal identity |
| Halllucination | a sense perception for which no external stimulus exists |
| Hyperverbal | tending to talk to much, highly verbal |
| Hypomania | an elevated mood with symptoms less severe than mania |
| Illusion | misconception of an actual existing stimulus by any sense |
| Mania | an unstable elevated mood in which delusion, poor judgement, and other signs of impaired reality testing are evident |
| Ideas of Reference | remarks or actions by someone else that in no way refer to the person but that are interpreted as related to her or him (ex patient believes that news anchor person is reporting on them) |
| Insight | in the mental health status assessment refers to the degree of awareness that one has about their own mental illness |
| Looseness of Association | a manifestation of though disorder whereby the patients' responses do not relate to the interviewer's questions |
| Magical Thinking | belief that one's ideas, thoughts, actions, works, or use of symbols can influence the course of events in the material world. |
| Neologism | coining a new word, invented word has no real meaning except for the person |
| Neurological Malignant Syndrome | a possibly lethal side effect of antipsychotic drugs expressed by high fever and rigidity |
| Obsession | unwanted, persistent thought or impulses, logic will not purge them from consciousness |
| Paranoia | Mental condition characterized by delusion of persecution, unwarranted jealousy |
| Paraphilia | refers to acts or sexual stimuli that are outside of what society considers normal but that are required for some individuals to experience desire, arousal, and orgasm |
| Perseveration | repeat something such as words or actions over and over again or to get stuck on a topic or idea |
| Poverty of Thought | is a global reduction in the quantity of though |
| Poverty of Speech | is a general lack of additional, unprompted content seen in normal speech |
| Poverty of Movement | an overall loss of accessory movements, such as decreased arm swing when walking as well as spontaneous movment |
| Pressured Speech | refers to speech that is loud and emphatic, increased in amount, accelerated, and usually difficult or impossible to interrupt |
| Psychomotor agitation | series of unintentional and purposeless motions that stem from mental tension and anxiety of an individual |
| Psychotic | a term used to describe a condition in which a person is unable to tell what is real from what is imagined |
| Suicidal Ideation/Homicidal Ideation | thoughts of committing suicide or homicide |
| Self-Injurious behavior | harming self, such as superficial cutting or burning |
| Tangential Speech | the tendency to speak about topics unrelated to the main topic of discussion, going off on a tangent |
| Tardive Dykinesia | involuntary movements of the tongue, lips, face, trunk, and extremities that occur in patients treated with long-term domainergic antagonist medications susch as antipyschotics |
| Thought Blocking | speech is suddenly interrupted by silences that may last a few seconds to a minute or longer, looks like they froze for a second but then speech resumes |
| Waxy Flexibility | psychomotor sympton of catatonic schizophrenia which leads to a decreased response to stimuli and a tendency to remain in an immobile posture |
| Word Salad | confused or unintelligible mixture of seemingly random words and phrases, specifically as a form of speech indicative of advanced schizophrenia |
| Behavior Therapy | based on the assumption that changes in maladaptive behavior can occur without insight into the underlying cause |
| Cognitive Therapy | aims to identify and correct distorted thinking patterns that can lead to feelings and behaviors that may be troublesome |
| Cognitive/behavioral therapy | this approach helps people change negative thought patterns, beliefs, and behaviors so they can manage symptoms and enjoy more productive less stressful lives |
| Milieu Therapy | philosophy that involves a secure environment to effect positive change |
| Neuroleptics | refers to antipyschotic medication |
| Psychosocial Rehabilitations | range of interventions aimed at improving a clients personal, domestic and social functioning so that they can live independently in the community |
| Temporary Detaining Order | legal document requiring an individual to receive immediate hospitalization for further evaluation and stabilization, on an involuntary basis, until a commitment hearing can be arranged to determine their treatment needs |
| Involuntarily Committed | kept by judge at hearing up to 30 days, psychiatrist can discharge the patient prior to this |
| 5 day Voluntary Commit | patient agrees to stay in the hospital for 5 days for further treatment |
| Panic Disorders | experience heart pounding terror that strikes suddenly without warning |
| Phobias | irrational fears that lead people to altogether avoid specific things or situations that trigger intense anxiety |
| Agoraphobia | fear of being in any situation that might trigger a panic attack and from which escape might be difficult |
| Social phobia | is fear of being extremely embarrassed in front of other people |
| Anxiety Disorders | excessive and persistent sense of apprehension, with physical symptoms such as sweating, palpitations, and feeling of stress |
| Bipolar Disorder | extreme mood swings with recurrent episodes of depression and mania |
| Dementia | significant loss of intellectual abilities |
| Amnesia | memory loss and is most often the most easily visible and common sign of alzeheimer's |
| Aphasia | impaired communication skills |
| Apraxia | deficit in voluntary motor skills |
| Agnosia | impairment of the ability to receive or correctly understand information from the 5 senses |
| PTSD | mental health condition that's triggered by a terrifying event. Symptoms include flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event |
| Depression | mood disorder characterized by intense feeling of sadness that persist beyond a few weeks. Symptoms include disturbance of sleep, appetite, and concentration |
| OCD | chronic, relapsing illness. Obsessions and need to perform rituals can take over a person's life if unstreated |
| Schizophrenia | positive symptoms (hallucinations, delusions, disordered thinking) Negative symptoms (social withdrawal, extreme apathy, diminished motivation, blunted emotional expression |
| Personality disorder | (borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder) patterns of disruptive and dysfunctional behavior well established by early adulthood and so on, frequent crises in personal and social relationships. |
| Substance Use Disorder | disorders related to use of various substances, substance abuse and substance dependence. |
| Autism Spectrum Disorder | persistent challenges in social interaction, speech, and nonverbal communication, and restricted/repetitive behaviors |
| Intellectual Disability | significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and in adaptive behaviors |
| Dissociative Disorders | disconnection and lack of continuity between thoughts, memories, surrounding, actions, and identity. Escape reality in ways that are involuntary and unhealthy usually associated with trauma |
| Somatic Disorders | a group of disorders with physical complaints despite lack of a medical cause feeling are expressed as physical symptoms |
Created by:
adn255