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Med 158 9&10
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why would a phlebotomist resist drawing blood from an area that has become endemic because of an IV infiltrating surrounding tissues with fluid? | Inaccurate results because contamination with tissue fluid, Veins are harder to locate, Easily injured by tourniquet, delay healing, All of the above |
| What is the term that means related to or marked by jaundice and is used to describe serum, plasma, or urine specimens that have an abnormal deep yellow-brown color due to high bilirubin levels? | Icteric |
| Some patients become faint at just the thought or sight of the blood being drawn. There are many other contributing factors that can cause a patient to faint. What should a phlebotomist due in case his/her patient faints? | Talk to the patient and reassure them, Protect patient from injury by physically supporting them, Apply a cold compress to forehead or back of neck, All of the above |
| Do not perform a skin puncture parallel to the grooves or lines of the fingerprint. A parallel puncture will allow the blood to flow __________________ | Down the finger preventing the formation of a rounded drop |
| How long before obtaining blood for testing should drugs known to interfere with blood tests be discontinued? | 4 to 24 hours |
| Which instance most closely resembles basal state? A patient who has | Just awakened at 0600 after fasting all night |
| You must draw a protime specimen from a patient with IVs in both arms. Which of the following is the best thing to do? Draw the specimen | Distal to an IV |
| A phlebotomist has attempted twice to draw a partial thromboplastin time (PTT) specimen from a patient with difficult veins. Both times the phlebotomist has been able to draw only a partial tube. What should the phlebotomist do? | Have another phlebotomist attempt to draw the specimen |
| What is the most common complication of venipuncture? | Hematoma |
| What type of tube might you use if you know the patient is a hard stick with veins that might collapse for a PTT test? | Short draw light blue top tube |
| Failure to draw blood during a venipuncture attempt can be caused by a number of procedural errors. Being aware of these errors and knowing how to correct them may determine whether you obtain blood on the first try. All the following are procedural err | The needle being seated into the vein |
| Which of the following vascular access devices is inserted in the peripheral venous system for the purpose of blood collection and administration of medication? | Heparin lock |
| Most tests are performed to confirm health or to screen for, diagnose, or monitor disease. To be properly evaluated, test results typically need to be compared with results expected of healthy individuals. Consequently, results values for most tests are | Reference range |
| Why are capillary blood gases less desirable than arterial blood gases (ABGs)? | skin puncture blood contains tissue fluid, Skin puncture blood is only partly arterial in composition, the blood is exposed to air during collection All of the options are correct |
| Which color top microcollection container would be used to collect a specimen for a CBC? | Lavender top |
| What is the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommended maximum depth of heel puncture? | 2.0 mm |
| Which of the following situations can result in hemoconcentration? | Leaving the tourniquet on over 1 minute |
| The following are lab test that cannot be collected using a capillary puncture except? | Hematocrit (Hct) |
| Tiny red spots (Petechiae) that appear on a patient's arm when the tourniquet is applied are a sign that the | Site may bleed excessively |
| What is Phenylketonuria (PKU) lab test? | A genetic disorder characterized by the inability to metabolize pheylatlanine |
| Which of the following tests is most often a timed test? | Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) |
| Which instance may lead you to suspect that you have accidentally punctured an artery? | The blood pulses into the tube |
| Why is EDTA (lavender) specimens obtained before other specimens when collected by skin puncture/ | To minimize effects of platelet clumping |
| When a fasting specimen is need for a lipid test, what is the typically time for fasting? | 8-12 hours |
| Skin puncture blood most closely resembles | Arterial blood |
| When doing a skin puncture on a young child how might you hold their hand? | Hold onto three to four fingers to prevent child from moving |
| It is necessary to control depth of lancet insertion during skin puncture to avoid | Bone injury |
| Why should a laboratory report form indicate the fact that a specimen has been collected using skin puncture? | Because test results may vary depending on the method of colleciton |
| The National Cholesterol Education Program recommends that lipid profiles be collected in a consistent manner after the patient has been either lying down or sitting quietly for a minimum of how many minutes? | 5 minutes |
| The purpose of wiping away the first drop of blood during skin puncture is | To eliminate tissue fluid contamination |
| A blood smear made from an EDTA (Lavender top) should be made | Within 1 hour of collection |
| It is not a good idea to collect a CBC specimen from a screaming infant because the | White blood count may be falsely elevated |
| What type of tube is typically used to collect a baby Bilirubin specimen? | amber-color microcollection tube |
| Why do pregnant patients have lower reference ranges for red blood cell counts? | Blood fluid increases in pregnancy, having a diluting effect on red blood cells |
| If blood is drawn too quickly from a small vein, the vein will have a tendency to | Collapse |
| You have no choice but to draw a specimen from a site with a hematoma. Where should you obtain the specimen? | Distal to the hematoma |
| When the arm of the patient is swollen with excess fluid, the condition is called | Edema |
| What is an example of a lab test that a Thick Blood smear preparation test would be used? (Thick blood smear is a drop of blood on slide as big as nickel or quarter) | Malaria |
| Skin puncture blood reference values (normal) are higher for | Glucose |
| Prolonged tourniquet application may cause a change in blood composition primarily because of | Hemoconcentration |
| All of the following are procedures in collection of a microcollection container while doing skin puncture except? | Use a scooping motion against the surface of the skin |
| What is the purpose of warming the site before skin puncture? | It increases blood flow up to seven times |
| A skin puncture should be done rather than a venipuncture in all of the following situations except | When a light blue stopper tube is needed |
| What are special small plastic tubes used to collect the tiny amounts of blood obtained from skin puncture, often referred to as "bullet" tubes? | Microcollection tubes |
| Which of the following is the safest area for infant heel puncture? | The lateral or medial plantar surface |
| The following area/s should not be punctured during a heel puncture? | Arch, Bruised areas, Posterior curvature of the heel, All of the above |
| A fistula is a(n): | Permanent fusion of an artery and a vein |
| When a test requires a fasting specimen, but the serum is _______________, it is a clue that the patient was not fasting. | Lipemic |
| What does the term "calcaneus" mean? | Heel bone |
| The following blood component can be elevated with moderate exercise? | Glucose, Creatinine, Total Protein All of the above |
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