Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
clinchem endocrine
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| endocrine system | regulates and maintains various body functions by synthesizing and releasing hormones |
| endocrine glands secrete into the | ECM and blood (ductless system) |
| The target of effector hormones is other _____________ | tissues |
| neurohypophysis | posterior pituitary |
| posterior pituitary hormones | oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone |
| Releasing factors are produced by the ________________________ and secreted into the anterior pituitary | hypothalamus |
| adenohypophysis | anterior pituitary |
| prolactin | stimulates milk production |
| The pituitary glands have been described as looking similar to: | garbanzo beans |
| Hypersecretion of ___________________ during childhood may result in giantism | growth hormone |
| the hypothalamus connects the CNS to the ___________ system | endocrine |
| The target of tropic hormones are other _______________ | glands |
| calcium reference range | 8.6-10 mg/dL |
| what is the most important test for hypothyroidism? | TSH |
| hypothyroid patients may also have | anemia |
| 3 chemical types of proteins | 1. polypeptides 2. amino acid derivatives 3. steroids |
| anterior pituitary hormones | FSH, LH, GH, ACTH, prolactin, TSH |
| pineal gland hormones | melatonin and serotonin |
| adrenal medulla hormones | epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine |
| what is the major glucocorticoid in humans? | cortisol |
| what is the most important mineral corticoid | aldosterone |
| cortisol is highest in the _____________ and lowest in the __________ | morning; afternoon |
| growth hormone is highest in the | evening |
| elevated GH causes .... decreased GH causes..... | gigantism, acromegaly dwarfism, simmons |
| calcitonin is made in the | thyroid gland |
| vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) comes from | the metabolization of epinephrine and norepinephrine |
| dexamethasone suppression test documents the | hypersecretion of adrenocortical hormones (cortisol) |
| thyroxine binding globulin | protein carrier for thyroid hormones |
| transcortin | protein carrier for cortisol |
| what is the primary active thyroid hormone in the blood | T3 |
| anterior pituitary hormone release is controlled by | TRH, CRH, GnRH, GHRH |
| what is the most potent estrogen? | estradiol |
| organs that secrete steroid hormones | adrenal glands, gonads, placenta |
| what hormone is measured when pregnant | HCG |
| mothers of babies with down syndrome have decreased | estriol |
| what hormone is related to zollinger-ellison syndrome> | gastrin |
| hyperparathyroidism increases______ and decreases ____ | Ca++ ; P |
| symptoms of hyperthyroidism | heat intolerance, flushed skin, palpitations, tachycardia, weight loss, restlessness, proptosis |
| 2 important metabolites of catecholamines | 1. Vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) 2. homovanillic acid (HMA) |
| cyclic AMP is activated by | epinephrine, glucagon, TSH, LH and FSH, ADH and PTH |
| hydatidiform mole | noncancerous tumor that develops from an abnormal fertilized egg |
| what surges before ovulation | LH |
| what maintains pregnancy | progesterone |
| in radioimmunoassay (RIA), the final gamma point is _________ proportional to the amount of target substance in the patient sample | inversely |
| tropic hormone | target is another endocrine gland |
| hormones function to | maintain homeostasis, regulate growth and development, promote sexual maturity and reproduction, regulate energy produced and stabilize the metabolic rate, adjust stress, regulate the release of other hormones |
| what hormones are lipid soluble | steroid and ionated hormones |
| what is the largest endocrine gland | thyroid |
| graves disease | autoimmune disease; body produces Ab to the thyroid causing a hyperthyroid reaction |
| addisons disease | decreased ACTH and/or cortisol; failure to thrive, dehydration, weight loss, weakness, fatigue |
| cushings syndrome | hypercortisol disease; increased ACTH; truncal obesity, buffalo hump, protein wasting, poor wound healing, hyperglycemia |
| cortisol | has an anti-insulin effect, effects water and electrolyte balance, suppresses inflammatory and allergic reactions |
| cortisol is regulated by | ACTH and CRH |
| pheochromatocytomas | tumors of the adrenal medulla; causes and increase in catecholamines released |
| FSH | works only with LH; causes estrogen production |
| hyperparathyroidism vs hyperparathyroidism | hyper: elevated calcium --> kidney stones hypo: decreased calcium and PTH, increased P ; tetany and neuromuscular problems |
| hypothyroid hormone levels | decreased T3 and T4, increased TSH |
| hashimotos | autoimmune disease where body eventually stops producing T3 and T4 ; cold interolance, dry skin, weight gain, eyebrow loss |
| effector hormones | effect non endocrine tissues |
| 5 structural classes of hormones | protein, glycoprotein, peptides, AA derivatives, steroids |
Created by:
kingsleya27