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MED TERM ch 7
Flash cards from chapter 4 in module 7
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aden/o | gland |
| adren/o, adrenal/o | adrenal gland |
| cortic/o | outer surface |
| gonad/o | gonads (sex organs) |
| pancreat/o | pancreas |
| pituitar/o, hypophys/o | pituitary gland |
| thym/o | thymus |
| thyr/o, thyroid/o | thyroid |
| gluc/o, glucos/o, glyc/o | sugar |
| crin/o | to secrete |
| hormon/o | hormone |
| ket/o | keotne body |
| -tropin | stimulating hormone |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -uria | urine condition |
| adenalgia (aden/algia) | pain in a gland |
| adrenal virilism (viril/ism) | developing of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by ecxesssive secretion of the adrenal gland |
| adrenarche (adren/arche) | beginning of adrenal secretion (at puberty) |
| hirsutism | excessive growth of facial/body hair in women |
| amenorrhea (a/meno/rrhea) | lack of menstrual flow |
| gynecomastia (gyneco/mest/ia) | development of breast tissue in men |
| hypergonadism (hyper/gonad/ism) | condition where there is excessive secretion of the sex glands |
| hypogonasism (hypo/gonad/ism) | condition in which there is under-secretion of the sex glands |
| menarche (men/arche) | beginning of first menstruation |
| thelarche (thel/arche) | beginning of breast development |
| hypoglycemic (hypo/glyc/em/ic) | pertaining to low blood sugar |
| pancreatalgia (pancreat/algia) | pain in the pancreas |
| polydipsia (poly/dips/ia) | excessive thirst |
| polyphagia (poly/phag/ia) | excessive eating |
| polyuria (poly/uria) | excessive urinaiton |
| acromegaly (acro/megaly) | abnormal enlargement of the extremities |
| galactorrhea (galacto/rrhea) | discharge of milk |
| pituitary dwarfism | abnormally short height caused by under-secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| pituitary gigantism | abnormally tall height caused by over-secretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland |
| exophthalmus | potrusion of the eyes out of the eye socket |
| goiter, thyrocele (thyro/cele) | swollen thyroid gland |
| thyromegaly (thyro/megaly) | enlargement of the thyroid |
| thyroptosis (thyro/ptosis) | downward displacement of the tyroid |
| acidemia (acid/emia) | abnormal acidity of the blood |
| alkalemia (alkal/emia) | abnormal alkalinity of the blood |
| calciuria (calci/uria) | calcium in the urine |
| chloremia (chlor/emia) | chlorine in urine |
| euglycemia (eu/glyc/emia) | good blood sugar |
| glucosuria (glucos/uria) | sugar in urine |
| hypercalcemia (hyper/calc/emia) | excessive calcium in the blood |
| hypercholesterolemia (hyper/cholesterol/emia) | excessive colesterol in blood |
| hyperglycemia (hyper/glyc/emia) | high blood sugar |
| hyperkalemia (hyper/kal/emia) | excessive potassium in blood |
| hyperlipidemia (hyper/lipid/emia) | excessive fat in blood |
| hypernatremia (hyper/natr/emia) | excessive sodium in blood |
| hyperphosphatemia (hyper/phosphat/emia) | excessive phosphate in blood |
| hypoglycemia (hype/glyc/emia) | low blood sugar |
| ketonuria (keton/uria) | ketone bodies in urine |
| polyuria (poly/uria) | excessive urination |
| uremia (ur/emia) | urine waste in blood |
| adrenaline (ad/renal/ine) | hormone secreted by adrenal gland |
| epinephrine (epi/nephr/ine) | hormone secreted by the adrenal gland |
| adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) | hormone secreted by the pituitary gland that stimulates the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| corticotropin (cortico/tropin) | shorter name of ACTH |
| glucagon (gluc/agon) | hormone secreted by the pancreas that stimulates the liver to increase blood sugar levels |
| glucocorticoid (gluco/cortic/oid | hormone prodcued by te adrenal cortex with a role in carb metabolism |
| gonadotropin (gonado/tropin) | hormone that stimulates gonads |
| insulin (insul/in) | hormone secreted by the pancreas that controls the metabolism and uptake of sugars and fats |
| thryotropin (thyro/tropin) | hormone that stimulates the thyroid |
| adenomegaly (adeno/megaly) | abnormla enlargement of a gland |
| adrenomegaly (adreno/megaly) | anlargemnt of the adrneal gland |
| euthyroid (eu/thyroid) | normal functioning thyroid |
| cluconeogenesis (gluco/neo/genesis) | formation of glucose from non-carb sources |
| glycolysis (glyco/lysis) | breakdown of sugar |
| glycopenia (glyco/penia) | sugar deficiency |
| gonadogenesis (gonado/genesis) | development of gonads |
| metabolism (meta/bol/ism) | breakdown of matter into energy |
| endocrine (endo/crine) | to secrete internally |
| endocrinologist (endo/crino/logist) | specialist in internal secretions |
| exocrine (exo/crine) | external secretions |
| glycemic index | ranking of food based on the way they affect sugar levels in the blood |
| ketogenesis (keto/genesis) | creation of ketone bodies |
| thyroid functioning test | tests performed to evaluate the function of the thyroid |
| cholangiopancreatography (chol/angia/pancreato/graphy) | procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas |
| endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreotography (endo/scop/ic retro/grade) | procedure used to examine the bile ducts and pancreas in which an endoscope is passed backward from the digestive tract into the bile duct |
| adenitis (aden/itis) | gland inflammation |
| adenopathy (adeno/pathy) | gland disease |
| adenosis (aden/osis) | gland condition |
| dysmetabolic syndrome (dys/metabol/ic) | combination of medical disorders associated with faulty metabolism |
| ketosis (ket/osis) | condition characterized by elevated levels of ketone bodies in the blood |
| polyadenopathy (polu/aden/opathy) | disease involving multiple glands |
| adrenalitis (adrenal/itis) | adrenal gland inflammation |
| adrenocortical insufficency (adreno/cortic\al) | condition in which the adrenal cortex underproduces necessary hormones |
| adrenocorticohyperplasia (adreno/cortico/hyper/plasia) | overdevelopment of the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| congenital adrenal hyperplasia (con/genit/al adrenal hyper/plasia) | genetic disease in which the adrenal gland is overdeveloped, resulting in a deficiency of certain hormones and an overproduction of others |
| diabetes mellitis | metabolic disease characterized by excessive urination and hyperglycemia |
| diabetic ketoacidosis (keto/acid/osis) | acidity of the blood caused by the presence of ketone bodies produced when the body is unable to burn sugar, this is must burn fat for energy |
| pancreatic pseudocyst (pseudo/cyst) | abnormally expanded area in the pancreas resembling a cyst |
| pancreatitis (pancreat/itis) | inflammation of the pancreas |
| pancreatolith (pancreato/lith) | stone in the pancreas |
| pancreatoliathiasis (pancreato/lith/iasis) | presence of a stone in the pancreas |
| hyperpituitarism (hyper/pituitar/ism) | over functioning of the pituitary gland |
| hypophysitis (hypophys/itis) | inflammation of the pituitary gland |
| hypopituitarism (hypo/pituitar/ism) | under-functioning of the pituitary gland |
| panhypopituitarism (pan/hypo/pituitar/ism) | defect or absent function of the entire pituitary gland |
| pituitary infarction (in/farc/tion) | death of the pituitary gland |
| hyperparathyroidism (hyper/para/thyroid/ism) | overproduction by the parathyroid glands |
| hyperhtyroidism (hyper/thyroid/ism) | over production of the thyroid |
| hypoparathyroidism (hypo/para/thyroid/ism) | under production of the parathyroid |
| hypothyroidism (hypo/thyroid/ism) | under production of the thyroid |
| thyroiditis (thyroid/itis) | inflammation of the thyroid |
| thyrotoxicosis (thyro/toxic/osis) | condition caused by the exposure of body tissue to excessive levels of thyroid hormone |
| adenocarcinoma (adeno/carcin/oma) | cancerous tumor of a gland |
| adenoma (aden/oma) | glandular tumar |
| adrenal adenoma | tumar of the adrenal gland |
| adrenocortical carcinoma | cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland |
| insulinoma (insulin/oma) | tumor that secretes insulin |
| parathryoidoma (para/thyroid/oma) | tumor in the parathyroid |
| pituitary adenoma | tumor in the pituitary gland |
| thymoma (thym/oma) | tumor in the thymus |
| continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion | continuous injection of insulin into the blood from a pump inderted under the skin |
| thyroidotoxin (thyroido/toxin) | substance poisonous to the thyroid gland |
| adenectomy (aden/ectomy) | removal of a gland |
| ketogenic diet | diet that aids in the production of ketones in the body |
| thymectomy (thym/ectomy) | removal of the thymus |
| adrenalectomy (adrenalecotmy) | removal of the adrenal gland |
| laparoscopic adrenalectomy (laparo/scop/ic) | removal of an adrenal gland by means of a laparoscope |
| pancreatoectomy (pancreat/ectomy) | removal of the pancreas |
| pancreatolithectomy (pancreato/lith/ectomy) | removal of a stone from the pancreas |
| hypophysectomy (hypo/phys/ectomy) | removal of the pituitary gland |
| parathyroidectomy (para/thyroid/ectomy) | removal of the parathyroid |
| thyroidectomy (thyroid/ectomy) | removal of the thyroid |
| thyroidotomy (thyroido/tomy) | incision into the thyroid |
| thyroparathyroidectomy (thyro/para/thyroid/ectomy) | removal of the thyroid and parathyroid glands |
| ACTH | adrenocorticotropic hormone |
| BS | blood sugar |
| CGM | continuous glucose monitor |
| DI | diabetes insipidus |
| DM | diabetes melllitiu |
| ERCP | endoscopic retrograde cholangiapancreatography |
| FBS | fasting blood sugar |
| GDM | gastational diabetes mellitus |
| GH | growth hormone |
| GTT | glucose tolerance test |
| HbA1C | hemoglobin A1C test (used by patient with diabetes to monitor blood sugar levels) |
| HRT | hormone replacement therapy |
| TFT | thyroid function test |
| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone |
| T3 | triiodothyronine (on of two primary hormones produces by the thyroid) |
| T4 | thyroxine (one of two primary hormones produces by the thyroid) |
Created by:
mattrich_57