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Chapter 3
Ch 3 Vocab
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CAS Latency | Column Access Strobe - A method of measuring access timing to memory, which is the number of clock cycles required to write or read a column of data off a memory module. |
| DDR (Double Data Rate) | The first type of memory that was able to process both the rise and fall of the motherboard clock beat, thus doubling the processing speed. It was first released in about the year 2000. |
| DDR3 | Memory that is one generation older than the current highest performing memory. Like the previous generation, they have 240 pins, but the notch is in a different place. First released in about 2007. |
| DDR3L | This is a lower voltage version of DDR3 made specifically for laptops. Runs at 1.35 volts compared to 1.5 volts or 1.65 volts. |
| DDR4 | The fastest and lowest power memory technology in common use today. Released in 2014. |
| DDR5 | a DIMM module that is faster and uses less power than DDR4; it uses 288 pins & offers up to 64 Gb DRAM to double the effective data rate |
| dual channels | A motherboard feature that improves memory performance by allowing the memory controller to communicate with two DIMMs at the same time, thus doubling the speed of memory access. |
| dual processors (or multiprocessor platform or multisocket) | Two processor sockets on a server motherboard. Also called a multiprocessor platform. |
| dynamic RAM (DRAM) | The most common technology used in memory chips in main system memory. It needs to be refreshed by an electrical current every few milliseconds in order to retain its data. |
| ECC (error-correcting code) | A type of memory that contains an extra chip used to detect and fix errors in data. It is commonly used in servers to increase reliability. |
| Hyper-Threading | The Intel technology that allows the processor to work more efficiently by processing two threads, or lines of data, at the same time. It causes each core to appear as if it is two cores. |
| HyperTransport | The AMD technology that allows the processor to work more efficiently by processing two threads, or lines of data, at the same time. It causes each core to appear as if it is two cores. |
| Level 1 cache (L1 cache) | Memory built into the processor die. It is a very small amount of very fast S-RAM that stores frequently used or critical data for quicker access. |
| Level 2 cache (L2 cache) | Memory in the processor package close to the CPU cores but not on the processor die. It is a small amount of very fast S-RAM that stores frequently used or critical data for quicker access. |
| Level 3 cache (L3 cache) | Memory found in some CPUs that is further from the processor core but still located inside the processor package. It is larger than the other levels of CPU cache memory. |
| msinfo32.exe | The Windows utility that launches the System Information window. |
| multicore processing | A type of CPU in which the processor housing contains two or more processor cores that work in parallel but independently of each other. |
| multiprocessing | Using two processing units installed within a single processor, this technology allows the core to execute two threads of instruction at the same time. It was first used by the Pentium processor. |
| processor frequency | The speed at which the processor operates internally, usually expressed in GHz. |
| quad channel | Technology used by a motherboard and DDR3 or DDR4 DIMMs that allows the memory controller to access four DIMMS at the same time. |
| single channel | The memory controller on a motherboard that can access only one DIMM at a time. |
| single-core processing | An older processor technology whereby the processor housing contains one processor core and can process only one thread at a time. |
| static RAM (SRAM) | Memory technology type that retains information without the need for refreshing, as long as the computer's power is on. It is more expensive than traditional DRAM and is found in small amounts in CPU cache. |
| thermal compound | A cream-like substance that is placed between the bottom of the cooler heat sink and the top of the processor to eliminate air pockets and help draw heat off the processor. |
| thread | Each process that the processor is aware of. It is a single task that is part of a larger task or request from a program. |
| triple channels | When the memory controller accesses three DIMMs at the same time. |
| virtual RAM (or virtual memory) | The way Windows uses space on the hard drive to enhance the amount of RAM in a system. |
| x86-64 bit processor | A hybrid processor that can process 32 bits or 64 bits. |
Created by:
CarlyJo87