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Logical Fallacies

QuestionAnswer
Attacking the person making the argument rather than the argument itself. Ad Hominem
Claiming something is true because an authority figure says so, without other evidence. Appeal to Authority
Introducing irrelevant information to distract from the real issue. Red Herring
Trying to win an argument by making the audience feel sorry for someone, rather than using logic. Appeal to Pity
Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack. Straw Man
Deflecting criticism by accusing the critic of the same fault. Appeal to Hypocrisy (Tu Quoque)
Claiming that one event will inevitably lead to extreme consequences, without sufficient evidence. Slippery Slope
Claiming something is true because it hasn't been proven false, or false because it hasn't been proven true. Appeal to Ignorance
Using the same word with two different meanings in an argument. Equivocation
Using excessive technical terms, jargon, or acronyms to confuse or impress the audience. Alphabet Soup (Jargon Fallacy)
Drawing a broad conclusion from a limited or unrepresentative sample. Hasty Generalization
Presenting only two options when more exist. False Dilemma (Either/Or Fallacy)
Claiming something is true or good because many people believe or do it. Bandwagon
Assuming that because one thing happened after another, it was caused by it. False Cause (Post Hoc)
Using the conclusion as a premise — the argument goes in circles. Circular Argument (Begging the Question)
Comparing two things that are not similar enough to support the conclusion. False Analogy
Continuing a bad decision because of resources already invested, rather than future benefit. Sunk Cost
Claiming that truth is relative and what's true for one person may not be true for another — used to avoid logical debate. Relativist Fallacy
Claiming something is false because you personally cannot understand or imagine it. Personal Incredulity
Asking a question that contains an assumption, forcing an answer that accepts the assumption. Complex Question (Loaded Question)
Created by: user-1953690
 

 



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