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EKG 7&8
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What medical conditions place pressure on the atria, causing atrial dysrhythmias to occur? | Myocardial infarction, valvular problems, neurological influences |
| What kind of impulse causes atrial dysrhythmias? | Ectopic |
| In a premature atrial complex (PAC), the P wave may be biphasic. This means that: | the waveform has both positive and negative deflections on the ECG tracing. |
| A pattern in which every third complex is a premature beat is referred to as: | trigeminy. |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia has a cardiac complex that occurs too soon and may have abnormal P waves, but other than being ''early,'' has no other abnormal features? | Premature atrial complexes (PAC) |
| A cardiac cell or group of cells that produces an ectopic beat is known as a: | focus. |
| How many different P wave configurations in the same lead indicate a wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP)? | 3 |
| WAP is a normal finding in children, older adults, and well-conditioned athletes. It may also be found in patients with: | organic heart disease and drug toxicity |
| What is the rate of wandering atrial pacemaker rhythm (WAP)? | normal rate |
| Which statement correctly describes the P wave in multifocal atrial tachycardia? | changes from beat to beat |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia has capital F waves and a classic sawtooth or picket fence appearance? | artial flutter |
| What is the atrial rate in atrial flutter? | 250 to 350 |
| What term describes the ability of the heart to initiate an electrical impulse without being stimulated by another or independent source? | automaticity |
| What occurs immediately prior to ventricular systole when blood is ejected from the atria into the ventricles? | artial kick |
| The loss of atrial kick contributes to what percent decrease in cardiac output? | 10 to 30 percent |
| What is the major health risk for patients with atrial fibrillation? | Thrombus formation or embolism |
| What treatment is usually attempted for patients with atrial fibrillation? | Medication and/or electrical cardioversion |
| What treatment is usually indicated for patients with atrial flutter?` | oxygen therapy |
| Which rhythm is often a transient dysrhythmia that will lead to a more serious atrial dysrhythmia if not treated? | atrial flutter |
| Patients who have atrial fibrillation may have a loss of stroke volume of between: ` | 20 to 30 percent |
| Which atrial dysrhythmia shows chaotic, disorganized activity between normal, but irregular, QRS complexes? | Atrial fibrillation |
| Some patients can tolerate the loss of atrial kick if the heart rate remains between: | normal rate |
| When labeling an ECG tracing that shows PACs, what additional information should you document on the tracing? | The underlying rhythm and the type of PACs |
| If ectopic impulses are occurring in the heart at a rate that is faster than the SA node, | the ectopic beat overrides the SA node and causes the atria and ventricles to depolarize. |
| Which portion of the ECG tracing is primarily affected by atrial dysrhythmias? | P waves |
| What causes the different P wave morphologies in an ECG tracing that shows wandering atrial pacemaker? | The varying sites of the ectopic impulses |
| You are about to perform an ECG on a patient who has been hospitalized for acute congestive heart failure. Which of the following atrial dysrhythmias is this patient most likely to develop? | Multifocal atrial tachycardia |
| In junctional rhythms, where does the electrical current initiate? | AV junction |
| What symptoms will a patient have if PJCs occur more than four to six times per minute? | hypotension, irregular pulse |
| What are the distinguishing characteristics of junctional escape rhythm? | The rhythm is regular; the P wave may occur before, during, or after the QRS; and the P wave is inverted. |
| Which of the following dysrhythmias is not considered part of the SVT classification? | Ventricular tachycardia |
| What symptom might a stable patient complain about when experiencing SVT? | Palpitations |
| What is the origination point of an SVT? | Atria or junctional region |
| What is the term for an ectopic focus originating above the ventricles in the atria or junctional region? | Supraventricular |
| Which of the following originates from the AV junction? | Junctional escape rhythm |
| Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is an example of which type of dysrhythmia? | Reentry dysrhythmia |
| Which of the following statements is true of all junctional dysrhythmias? | The QRS measurement is within normal limits. |
| What type of heart rate is characteristic of a patient who has junctional escape rhythm? | Slower than normal |
| What is the collective term for the AV node and the surrounding tissue, including the bundle of His? | AV junction |
| If the electrical impulse is initiated at the midpoint of the AV junction, where would you expect the P waves to appear on the ECG tracing? | within the QRS complex |
| How does the preexcitation of the ventricles in reentry dysrhythmias appear on an ECG tracing? | delta wave |
Created by:
Lecia220