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156 Week 3
Part 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Not enough individual photon energy to remove an electron from an atom | Non-Ionizing Radiation |
| Has enough individual photon energy to remove an electron from an atom Causes ionization of the atom | Ionizing Radiation |
| Gamma rays originate __________ when an excited nucleus releases excess energy as a gamma-ray photon and transitions to a lower-energy state | Inside the Nucleus |
| X-rays originate through interactions involving electrons________ | Outside the Nucleus |
| Photon of energy that that exhibit both wave-like and particle-like behavior | Electromagnetic Radiation |
| Actual subatomic particles with mass | Particulate Radiation |
| Particulate Radiation is? | Subatomic particles that are ejected from atoms at very high speeds |
| _________ are emitted from the nucleus during radioactive decay | Alpha Particles |
| Alpha Particles have- | +2 charge and have a significant mass |
| Alpha Particle Characteristics | Very low penetrability (can be stopped by a sheet of paper or skin) • Do not travel far |
| An External Source = | Rarely Damaging (easily blocked) |
| An Internal Source = | Very Damaging |
| An electron emitted from nucleus during radioactive decay | Beta Particles |
| Beta Particles have- | -1 charge and have Insignificant mass |
| Beta Particles _________ than alpha particles | Travel Further |
| Beta Particles Characteristics | Moderate penetrability but higher penetrability than alpha (can go through skin) • Identical to high-speed electrons except for their origin |
| High Speed Electron are ejected _______ | From the electron shell |
| The process by which an unstable atom with excess energy in its nucleus emits particles and energy to regain stability | Radioactivity |
| Process by which an unstable nucleus* transforms into a more stable nucleus by emitting radiation | Radioactive Decay |
| Radioactive decay is measured in | Half-Lives |
| Half-Life is defined as- | The length of time it takes for half the original number of radioactive atoms in a sample to decay |
| Particulate radiation ________ Electromagnetic Radiation | Is not the same as |
| Particulate Radiation usually ____________ than light | Travels Slower |
| Beta Particles are ejected _______ | From the nucleus |
| Requirements for electric current to flow | • Potential difference (voltage) • Suitable medium for travel • A complete conducting path (circuit) |
| Electrons flow in only one direction (ex: battery) | DIRECT CURRENT (DC) |
| Electrons repeatedly reverse directions (household wall outlet) | ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC) |
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