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Psychology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Psychology? | Psychology is the scientific study of thoughts, feelings and behaviors. |
| Psychologists? | studies psychology at university, cannot prescribe medication, works with thoughts, feelings, and behavior's, uses therapies and counselling. |
| Psychiatrists? | Medical doctor first, can prescribe medication, primarily treats mental illness, uses medication and therapy |
| How many years of study does it take to be a Psychologist? | 6 years. (You need to complete either an approved six-year full time sequence of psychology at university OR, an approved four-year full time sequence followed by a two-year “apprenticeship” under the supervision of a qualified psychologist.) |
| How many years of study does it take to be a psychiatrist? | 9 years. (completed a medical degree minimum 5 years, then further study specializing in psychiatry minimum 4 years.) |
| Can Psychologists prescribe medication? | no |
| Can Psychiatrists prescribe medication? | yes |
| Name 5 types of Psychologists. | Clinical, Cognitive, counselling, educational, forensic, health, industrial and organizational, sports, social, environmental. |
| Sigmund Freud? | Clinical Psychology, abnormal Psychology, psychoanalysis (couch guy) |
| Sigmund Freud - Id, Ego, and Super Ego? | Id - instincts Ego - Reality Super Ego - Morality |
| Freudian Slip? | an unintentional error regarded as revealing subconscious feelings |
| Sigmund Freud - The unconscious mind? | The unconscious mind influences behaviour. |
| Sigmund Freud - Oedipus Complex? | the complex of emotions aroused in a young child, typically around the age of four, by an unconscious sexual desire for the parent of the opposite sex and wish to exclude the parent of the same sex. |
| Jean Piaget? | Cognitive Development Theory |
| Cognitive Development Theory? | Children progress through stages of thinking. Children develop mental frameworks called schemas. Remember: Children think differently as they grow |
| Leon Festinger? | Cognitive Dissonance, Social Comparison Theory |
| Cognitive Dissonance? | Feeling uncomfortable when beliefs and actions conflict. Example: • Smoking while knowing smoking is harmful. |
| Social Comparison Theory? | People compare themselves to others. |
| Ivan Pavlov? | Classical Conditioning. |
| Classical Conditioning? | Learning through association. |
| Ivan Pavlov Famous experiment? | Dogs learned to salivate when hearing a bell. |
| B.F. Skinner? | Operant Conditioning |
| Operant Conditioning? | Behavior is shaped by: Reinforcement, Punishment Example Study hard → good grade → study hard again. |
| Albert Bandura? | Social Learning Theory |
| Social Learning Theory? | People learn through: • Observation • Imitation • Modelling Example Children copy behaviour they see. |
| Carl Rogers? | Humanistic Psychology Developed: Client-centred therapy |
| Humanistic Psychology? | People need: • Empathy • Acceptance • Genuineness |
| Erik Erikson? | |
| What is Sigmund Freud Famous for? | Psychoanalysis - Behaviour is influenced by unconscious thoughts, feelings, and conflicts. |
| What is Jean Piaget famous for? | Cognitive development theory - children progress through stages of thinking and develop mental schemas. |
| What is Leon Festinger famous for? | Cognitive Dissonance - discomfort occurs when beliefs and behaviours conflict |
| Ivan Pavlov? | Classical Conditioning - learning occurs by associating a neutral stimulus with a reflex response. |
| B.F. Skinner? | Operant Conditioning - behaviour is shaped by reinforcement and punishments |
| Experimental designs - independent | different people in each condition |
| Experimental designs - repeated | same people in every condition |
| experimental designs - matched pairs | similar people are paired and split between conditions |
| Albert Bandura | Social learning theory - people learn by observing and imitating others |
| William James | studied consciousness, memory, emotions and habits; helped establish modern psychology |
| Carls Rogers | Client-centered therapy - growth occurs through empathy, acceptance and genuineness |
| Erik Erikson | Proposed 8 stages of psychosocial development across the lifespan |
| Lev Vygotsky | Learning occurs through social interaction and the zone of proximal development (ZPD) |
| R=0.85 Strong or Weak? | Strong |
| R=0.56 strong or weak? | Moderate |
| R=0.21 Strong or weak? | Weak |
| Identify - three words or sen |
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edigb2