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Ethics
Preliminary Exam
| 1. Ethics is also known as the study of moral decisions and principles | |
| 2. The word ethics came from the Greek word 'ethos' which means habit or character | |
| 3. Moral standards mainly deal with actions that are considered right or wrong | |
| 4. Helping a person in need is an example of moral standard | |
| 5. Non-moral standards are standards that are not primarily concerned with ethical considerations | |
| 6. A moral dilemma happens when a person must choose between two conflicting moral choices | |
| 7. An individual moral dilemma involves factors such as peer pressure and personal situation | |
| 8. A problem involving ethical issues in a company is called an organizational dilemma | |
| 9. Structural moral dilemma focuses on problems involving systems and relationship | |
| 10. Freedom as a foundation for moral acts means a person can choose based on reason | |
| 11. A weakness of Filipino character involving dependence on others is passivity and lack of initiative | |
| 12. Moral character is developed through habits and experiences | |
| 13. The development of moral reasoning is studied through stages of moral development | |
| 14. Ethical decision-making requires considering the consequences of actions | |
| 15. A person who tells the truth even when difficult shows integrity | |
| 16. Moral standards promote the common good | |
| 17. Cheating in an examination is wrong because it violates moral standards | |
| 18. Kant's categorical imperative is a moral rule that is unconditional | |
| 19. Humanity as an end in itself means people should not be treated merely as means to an end | |
| 20. Justice is mainly concerned with fair relationship | |
| 21. Kant believed freedom is connected with autonomy | |
| 22. Justice and fairness require treating people equally and fairly | |
| 23. Taxation should be based on the principle of equality and uniformity | |
| 24. Culture includes a group's beliefs, language, and behaviors | |
| 25. Culture influences moral behavior by shaping people's values and norms | |
| 26. Cultural relativism suggests that moral practices may be understood based on cultural context | |
| 27. Universal values are values believed to be important across humanity | |
| 28. Respect and honesty are examples of universal values | |
| 29. A Filipino value that shows community cooperation is bayanihan | |
| 30. Showing respect to elders through 'po' and 'opo' reflects Filipino respectfulness | |
| 31. Culture is passed from one generation to another through learning and tradition | |
| 32. A moral standard is considered universal because it applies anywhere and anytime | |
| 33. Ethics helps individuals make better decisions | |
| 34. A code of professional ethics provides guidelines for conduct | |
| 35. The Filipino value of welcoming guests is called hospitality | |
| 36. Resilience means the ability to recover from difficulties | |
| 37. Cultural norms influence a person's moral behavior | |
| 38. A decision involving conflicting values requires ethical reasoning | |
| 39. Fair taxation means people contribute based on capacity to pay | |
| 40. Moral character is strengthened through repeated good actions |
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