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MED TERM ch 4
Flash cards from chapter 4 in module 3
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| -physis | growth |
| oste/o | bone |
| crani/o | head, skull |
| cervic/o | neck |
| spondyl/o | vertebra |
| lumb/o | loin, lower back |
| brachi/o | arm |
| dactyl/o | finger |
| carp/o | wrist |
| cost/o | rib |
| femor/o | femur |
| tibi/o | tibia (shinbone) |
| tars/o | ankle |
| chondr/o | cartilage |
| arthr/o | joint |
| burs/o | bursa |
| ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o | tendon (muscle to bone) |
| muscul/o, my/o, myos/o | muscle |
| fasci/o | fascia (tissue binding muscles together |
| ton/o | tension, tone |
| kinesi/o, kinet/o | movement, motion |
| tax/o | arrangement, order, condition |
| ankyl/o | stiff, bent |
| costalgia (cost/algia) | rib pain |
| metatarsalgia (meta/tars/algia) | pain in the bones of the foot |
| ostalgia (ost/algia), osteodynia (osteo/dynia) | bone pain |
| spondylodynia (spondylo/dynia) | vertebra pain |
| tibialgia (tibi/algia) | tibia (shin) pain |
| ankylosis (ankyl/osis) | joint stiffness |
| arthralgia (arthr/algia), arthodynia (arthro/dynia) | joint pain |
| cervicodynia (cervico/dynia) | neck pain |
| crepitation | crackling sound heard in joints |
| genu valgum | knocked knees, knees pointed in |
| genu varum | bowlegged, knees bowed out |
| bradykinesia (brady/kinesia) | slow movement |
| dyskinesia (dis/kinesia) | inability to control movement |
| dystaxia (dys/taxia) | poor coordination |
| dystonia (dys/tonia) | poor muscle tone |
| graphospasm (grapho/spasm) | writer's cramp |
| hyperkinesia (hyper/kinesia) | increase in muscle movement and activity |
| hypokinesia (hypo/kinesia) | decrease in muscle movement or activity |
| hypotonia (hypo/tonia) | decrease in muscle tone or tightness |
| myalgia (my/algia), myodynia (myo/dynia) | muscle pain |
| myasthenia (my/asthenia) | muscle weakness |
| myospasm (myo/spasm) | muscle spasm |
| tenalgia (ten/algia) | tendon pain |
| arthrocentesis (arthro/centesis) | puncture of a joint |
| arhtroscope (arthro/scope) | instument used for looking into a joint |
| arthroscopy (arthro/scopy) | procedure of looking into a joint |
| electromyogram (electro/myo/gram) | record of the electrical activity of a muscle |
| electromyography (electro/myo/graphy) | procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle |
| myography (myo/graphy) | procedure for studying muscles |
| arthtrogram (arthro/gram) | visual record of a joint |
| arthtrography (arhtro/graphy) | procedure used to examine a joint |
| computed axial tomography (CAT or CT) | imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis |
| kyphosis (kyph/osis) | humped back, abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine |
| lordosis (lord/osis) | sway back, abnormal forward curvature of the lower spine |
| scoliosis (scoli/osis) | crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| carpitis (carp/itis) | wrist inflammation |
| craniomalacia (cranio/malacia) | softening of the skull |
| exostosis (ex/ost/osis) | abnormal growth of bone out of another bone |
| fracture | bone break |
| osteodystrophy (osteo/dys/trophy) | poor bone development |
| osteolysis (osteo/lysis) | bone loss |
| osteonecrosis (osteo/necrosis) | death of bone |
| osteosclerosis (osteo/scler/osis) | abnormal hardening if the bone |
| polydactyly (poly/dactyl/y) | having more than the norma; number of fingers or toes |
| spondylitis (spondyl/itis) | verterba inflammation |
| spondylomalacia (spondylo/malacia) | abnormal softening of the vertebra |
| syndactyly (syn/dactyl/y) | fusion of fingers or toes |
| tarsoptosis (tarso/ptosis) | flat feet) |
| bursolith (burso/lith) | stone in a bursa |
| effusion (ef/fusion) | fluid buildup |
| hemarthrosis (hem/arthr/osis) | blood in a joint |
| hydrarthrosis (hydr/arthr/osis) | water (fluid) in a joint |
| pyarthrosis (py/arthr/osis) | pus in a joint |
| atrophy (a/trophy) | underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue |
| hypertrophy (hyper/trophy) | overdevelopment of muscle tissue |
| myocele (myo/cele) | hernia of muscle tissue |
| myolysis (myo/lysis) | loss of muscle tissue |
| myomalacia (myo/malacia) | softneing of muscle tissue |
| myosclerosis (myo/scler/osis) | hardening of muscle |
| myotasis (myo/tasis) | stretching of a muscle |
| myotonia (myo/tonia) | muscle tone |
| ankylosing spondylitis (ankylos/ing spondyl/itis) | stiffening inflammation of the vertebrae |
| chondro-osteodystrophy (chondro/osteo/dys/trophy | poor development of bones and cartilage |
| craniosynostosis (cranio/syn/ost/osis) | premature fusing of the skull bones |
| dactylitis (dactyl/itis) | finger inflammation |
| hypertrophic spondylitis (hyper/trophic spondyl/itis) | overdevelopment of the vertebra causing inflammation |
| osteitis (oste/itis) | bone inflammation |
| osteochondritis (osteo/chondr/itis) | inflammation of bone and cartilage |
| osteogenesis inperfecta (osteo/genesis im/perfecta) | disease in which bones do not develop correctly, brittle bone disease |
| osteomalacia (osteo/malacia) | softening of the bone |
| osteomyelitis (osteo/myel/itis) | inflammation of the bone and bone marrow |
| osteopathy (osteo/pathy) | bone disease |
| oseteopenia (osteo/penia) | reduction in bone volume |
| osteoporosis (osteo/por/osis) | loss of bone density |
| spinal stenosis (spinal sten/osis) | abnormal narrowing of the spine |
| spondyloarthopathy (spoondylo/arthro/pathy) | joint disease of the vertebrae |
| spondylolisthesis (spondylo/listhesis) | slipping or dislocation of a vertebrae |
| spondylolysis (spondylo/lysis) | loss of vertebra structure |
| spondylosis (spondyl/osis) | vertebra condition |
| arthritis (arthr/itis) | joint inflammation |
| rheumatoid arthritis (rheumat/oid) | inflammation of joints, symptoms similar to that of rheumatic fever |
| septic arthritis | joint inflammation from infection |
| osteoarthritis | inflammation of joints, specifically ones that bear weight |
| arthocele (arthro/cele) | hernia of a joint |
| arthrodysplasia (arthro/dys/plasia) | abnormal joint development |
| arthropathy (arthro/pathy) | joint disease |
| arthrosclerosis (arthro/sclerosis) | hardening of the joints |
| bursopathy (burso/pathy) | disease of the bursa |
| bursitis (burs/itis) | inflammation of the bursa |
| subluxation (sub/luxation) | partial dislocation of a joint |
| achondroplasia (a/chondro/plasia) | defect in the formation of cartilage |
| chondromalacia (chondro/malacia) | softening of cartilage |
| costochondritis (cotso/chondr/otos) | inflammation in cartilage of the ribs |
| fasciitis (fasci/itis) | inflammation of the fascia |
| muscular dystrophy | disorder characterized by poor muscle development |
| myoclonus (myo/clonus) | violent muscle contractions |
| myopathy (myo/pathy) | muscle disease |
| myasthenia (my/asthenia) | muscle weakness |
| myofasciitis (myo/fasci/itis) | muscle and fascia inflammation |
| myositis (myos/itis) | muscle inflammation |
| necrotizing fasciitis (necro/tizing fasci/itis) | inflammation of the fascia, causing death in tissue |
| polymyositis (poly/myos/itis) | inflammation of multiple muscles |
| tardive dyskinesia (dys/kinesia) | condition characterized by the loss of muscle control |
| tendinitis (tedin/itis), tendonitis (tendon/itis) | tendon inflammation |
| chondroma (chondr/oma) | tumor-like growth of cartilage tissue |
| myoma (my/oma) | muscle tumor |
| myosarcoma (myo/sarc/oma) | cancerous muscle tumor |
| osteocarcinoma (osteo/carcin/oma) | bone cancer tumor |
| osteochondroma (osteo/chondr/oma) | tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as an exostosis made up of cartilage |
| osteosarcoma (osteo/sarc/oma) | cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells |
| analgesic (an/alge/sic) | drug that relieves pain |
| antiarthritic | drug that opposes joint inflammation |
| anti-inflammatory | drug that opposes inflammation |
| antipyretic (anti/pyre/tic) | drug that opposes fever |
| orthotics (ortho/tics) | device that aids in straightening or stabilizing a part of the body |
| prosthesis | device that replaces of bart of the body that is missing |
| carpectomy (carp/ectomy) | removal of all or parts of the wrist |
| costecotmy (cost/ectomy) | removal of a rib |
| craniectomy, craniotomoy (cranio/tomy) | removal of portion of the skull (replaced in -otomy) |
| external fixation | fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (cast or brace) |
| internal fixation | fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (screws or pins) |
| closed reduction | returning bones to there proper position without the use of surgery |
| open reduction | returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery |
| metacarpectomy (meta/carp/ectomy) | removal of bones in the hand |
| ostectomy (ost/ectomy) | removal of bone |
| osteoclasia (osteo/clasia) | surgical breaking of a bone |
| ostoetplasty (osteo/plasty) | reconstruction of a bone |
| osteotomy (osteo/tomy) | incision into a bone |
| spondylosyndesis (spondylo/syn/esis) | fusing together of multiple vertebrae |
| sternotomy (sterno/tomy) | incision into the sternum |
| tarsectomy (tars/ectomy) | removal of all or portions of the ankle |
| tarsoclasia (tarso/clasia) | surgical fracture of the ankle |
| arthrectomy (arthr/ectomy) | removal of a joint |
| arthroclasia (arthro/clasia) | therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility |
| arthrodesis (arthro/desis) | surgical fixation of a joint |
| arthrolysis (arthro/lysis) | loosening of a stiff joint |
| arthroplasty (arthro/plasty) | reconstruction of a joint |
| arthrotomy (arthro/tomy) | incision into a joint |
| bursotomy (burso/tomy) | incision into a bursa |
| chondrectomy (chrondr/ectomy) | removal of cartilage |
| chrondroplasty (chondro/plasty) | reconstruction of cartilage |
| fasciectomy | removal of the fascia |
| fasciodesis (fascio/desis) | binding of the fascia |
| fascioplasty (fascio/plasty) | reconstruction of the fascia |
| fasciorrhaphy (fascio/rrhaphy) | suturing of the fascia |
| fasciotomy (fascio/tomy) | incision into fascia |
| myectomy (my/ectomy) | removal of muscle |
| myodesis (myo/desis) | binding of muscle |
| myOMectomy (my/OM/ectomy) | removal of muscle tumor |
| myoplasty (myo/plasty) | reconstruction of muscle |
| myorrhaphy (myo/rrhaphy) | muscle suture |
| myotomy (myo/tomy) | incision into muscle |
| tendectomy (tend/ectomy), tenonectomy (tenon/ectomy) | removal of a tendon |
| tendoplasty (tendo/plasty) | reconstruction of a tendon |
| tenodesis (teno/desis) | binding of a tendon |
| tenolysis (teno/lysis) | freeing/loosening of a tendon |
| tenoplasty (teno/plasty) | reconstruction of a tendon |
| tenorrhaphy (teno/rrhaphy) | suture of a tendon |
| tenotomy (teno/tomy) | incision into a tendon |
| Hx | history |
| Fx | fracture |
| Tx | traction or treatment |
| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
| MCL | medial collateral ligament |
| LCL | lateral collateral ligament |
| PCL | posterior cruciate ligament |
| C1-C7 | cervical (neck) vertebrae |
| T1-T12 | thoracic (chest) vertebrae |
| L1-L5 | lumbar (loin) vertebare |
| S1-S5 | sacral vertebrae |
| DTR | deep tendon reflex (tep knee with hammer test) |
| EMG | electromyogram |
| FROM | full range of motion |
| NSAID | non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug |
| OA | osteoarthritis |
| ORIF | open reduction internal fixation |
| PT | physical therapy |
| RA | rheumatoid arthritis |
| RICE | Rest, Ice, Compress, Elevate |
| ROM | range of motion |
| WB | weight bearing |
| WBAT | weight bearing as tolerated |
Created by:
mattrich_57