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RAD 202 FINAL
REVIEW FOR RAD 202 FINAL EXAM
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| An AP axial cervical projection demonstrates 1. spinous processes within the inferior adjoining vertebral body. 2. open intervertebral disk spaces. 3. spinous processes aligned w midline of the cervical bodies. 4. second cervical vertebra | 2 AND 3 ONLY |
| For a lateral cervical projection, 1. CR is perpendicular to level of C4. 2. a 40-inch SID is used. 3. the exposure is taken on slight inspiration. 4. a 72-inch SID is used. | 1 AND 4 ONLY |
| C7 is not seen on a lateral cervical projection. To demonstrate this cervical , the technologist can do what? 1. take on expiration. 2. have the patient hold weights 3. take a swimmer’s image. 4. angle the central ray 10 degrees cephalically. | 1, 2, AND 3 ONLY |
| For an AP thoracic projection, the 1. shoulders and ASISs are at equal distances from the IR. 2. hips/knees flexed until the lower back is against the table. 3. CR is centered to the fifth thoracic vertebra. 4. tighter collimation to area of interest. | 1, 2 AND 4 ONLY |
| TRUE/FALSE: For a swimmer’s view, it is essential to have a cephalic angle (3-5 degrees) to better visualize C7-T1 joint space? | FALSE |
| TRUE/FALSE: For a swimmer’s view, the patient’s left arm will be elevated, and the right arm depressed at their side. | TRUE |
| An optimal lateral thoracic projection demonstrates all except: Clearly demonstrated intervertebral foramina Open intervertebral disk spaces Posterior half of each thoracic vertebral body Vertebral bodies projected into the posterior lung field | POSTERIOR HALF OF EACH THORACIC VERTEBRAL BODY |
| A left lateral thoracic vertebrae projection demonstrating more than 0.5 inch (1.25 cm) of space between the posterior ribs | DEMONSTRATES ROTATION |
| Which spinal fracture occurs when the neck is subjected to extreme hyperextension? | HANGMAN'S |
| Which of the following fractures results in a comminuted vertebral body and often times results in neurological damage? | TEARDROP BURST |
| Which of these pathologies of the spine is congenital? Scoliosis Scheuermann Disease Klippel-Feil Syndrome Herniated Disk | KLIPPEL-FEIL SYNDROME |
| _____ imaging allows the visualization of spinal alignment, ligament stability and shows the natural curvature of the spine. | ERECT |
| This is the circular opening in which the spinal cord passes through. | VERTEBRAL FORAMEN |
| These are lateral projections off the vertebrae where the pedicles and lamina join. | TRANSVERSE PROCESSES |
| Which of these is NOT a joint of the spinal column? | COSTOCHONDRAL |
| Which projection of the cervical spine best demonstrates the articulation of the atlas and axis? | OPEN MOUTH |
| What is the CR angulation for an AP axial view of the C-spine? | 15-20 DEGREES CEPHALIC |
| What can the patient do during a T-spine exam to help reduce the curvature of the spine to better visualize the joint spaces? | FLEX KNEES AND HIPS |
| TRUE/FALSE: A herniated disk is when the fibrous outer portion of the intervertebral disk protrudes into the spinal canal. | FALSE |
| TRUE/FALSE: A swimmer's view can be done for both the c-spine and the t-spine. | TRUE |
| TRUE/FALSE: Klippel-Feil Syndrome mainly occurs in the cervical spine. | TRUE |
| These projections are done to demonstrate the vertebral mobility of the cervical spine. | FLEXION/EXTENSION |
| Anterior obliques of the cervical spine require what kind of central ray angulation? | CAUDAL |
| What anatomical structure appears slightly magnified on a swimmer's projection? | RIGHT HUMERAL HEAD |
| The superior and anterior projecting bony process of the sacrum that forms part of the inlet and articulates with L5 is the: | PROMONTORY OF THE SACRUM |
| Which specific aspect of the sacrum articulates with the ilium to form the sacroiliac joint? | AURICULAR SURFACE |
| What is the joint classification of the zygapophyseal joints? | SYNOVIAL/DIARTHRODIAL |
| The intervertebral joints in the lumbar spine are classified as: | CARTILAGINOUS/AMPIARTHRODIAL |
| The radiographic appearance on an oblique lumbar spine in which the neck of the Scottie dog appears “broken” suggests the presence of: | SPONDYLOLYSIS |
| A destructive type of lesion with irregular margins and increased brightness is an indication of possible: | OSTEOLYTIC TYPE OF METASTASES |
| A fracture through the vertebral body and posterior elements caused by lap seat belts during an auto accident involving sudden deceleration is a ____ fracture. | CHANCE |
| Sciatic type of pain resulting from a “slipped disk” indicates: | HERNIATED NUCLEUS PULPOSUS |
| 33. What purpose do the sacral foramina have? | TRANSMIT BLOOD VESSELS AND NERVES |
| What is the term for the longitudinal mucosal folds found within the stomach? | RUGAE |
| Why would a patient undergo Valsalva maneuver during an esophagogram? | TO DEMONSTRATE POSSIBLE ESOPHAGEAL REFLUX |
| What is the term for the bands of muscle that pull the large intestine into pouches? | TAENIA COLI |
| A twisting of the intestine or colon is termed: | VOLVULUS |
| A telescoping, or invagination, of one part of the intestine into another is termed: | INTUSSUSCEPTION |
| Why is the posteroanterior (PA) rather than the AP projection recommended for a small bowel series? | BETTER SEPARATION OF LOOPS OF SMALL INTESTINE |
| Which of the following is caused by a parasite within the small intestine? | GIARDIASIS |
| When performing a small bowel series, the following are required: 1. Noting the Times 2. Using radiopaque markers on images 3. AP KUB 4. Having patients swallow second barium sulfate tablet at the end | 1 AND 2 ONLY |
| An abnormal opening in the stomach or intestines that allows the contents to leak out into another part of the body are called: | FISTULAS |
| Which of the following occurs in many patients and is defined as an expected outcome to the introduction of iodinated contrast media? | METALLIC TASTE IN MOUTH AND TEMPORARY HOT FLASH |
| What is the correct course of action for the technologist when, during an injection of contrast media, a patient experiences a side effect of mild hot flashes and some metallic taste in his mouth? | REASSURE PT, CONTINUE INJECTION WHILE OBSERVING FOR A MORE SEVERE REACTION |
| An average-shaped skull with a 47-degree angle between the petrous pyramids and the midsagittal plane is classified as: | MESOCEPHALIC |
| A fracture involving the facial bones where a blow to one side causes a fracture to the opposite side is termed a ____ fracture. | CONTRECOUP |
| Which facial bones are NOT visible from the skeleton's exterior? | VOMER AND PALATINE BONES |
| This fracture type is also referred to being a "ping-pong" fracture. | DEPRESSED |
| A tripod fracture affects the arch, the maxillary process and the _________. | ORBITAL PROCESS |
| 50. Which vessel is formed when the vertebral arteries join together at the base of the skull? | BASILAR |
| Which vein drains and receives blood from the intercostal, bronchial, esophageal, and phrenic veins? | AZYGOS VEIN |
| What is the name of the technique commonly used to introduce a catheter into a vessel? | SELDINGER |
| What order does blood flow through the aorta? | aortic bulb, ascending aorta, aortic arch, descending aorta |
| A PICC line and subcutaneous ports are examples of what? | VENOUS ACESS DEVICES |
Created by:
bailey.holden13