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Gamle eksamensæt
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Spørgsmål 1: What is the main difference between the two ways of generating ATP in a cell: oxidative phosphorylation (OP) and substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP)? a) The main difference is that during SLP-ATP is built by a substrate being phosphorylated | : d |
| Spørgsmål 2: In what part of the cell does the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA-cycle/Krebs cycle) take place? a) mitochondria, b) endoplasmic reticulum, c) Golgi apparatus, d) cytoplasm, e) nucleus | : a |
| Spørgsmål 3: What is the difference between secondary and tertiary protein structure? a) The secondary structure is the amino acid sequence of a protein whereas the tertiary structure is the folding into alpha helices and beta sheets due to chemical inter | : c |
| Spørgsmål 4: If you wanted to design a new industrial catalyst based on something biological, which molecule would you use? a) Fatty acids, b) Sugars, c) RNA, d) Proteins, e) DNA | : d |
| Spørgsmål 5: Which of the constituents are NOT required during replication? a) Primase, b) RNA primer, c) Template and trinucleotides, d) RNA polymerase, e) DNA polymerase | : d |
| Spørgsmål 6: You are looking at a cell under the microscope. The presence of which structure tells you the cell is eukaryotic? a) Cytoplasm, b) Cell membrane, c) Ribosomes, d) Nucleus, e) DNA | : d |
| Spørgsmål 7: What is the main function of cytoplasm in a cell? a) To pack and modify proteins and lipids and then to transport them out of the cell. b) To synthesize proteins. c) Regulating cellular transport of molecules inside and outside the cell. d) S | : d |
| Spørgsmål 8: Parts of the Golgi apparatus pinches off and moves away as vesicles. What is the role of these vesicles? a) The vesicles contain c-type cytochromes that activate a signaling cascade inducing cell death. b) The vesicles often deliver proteins | : b |
| Spørgsmål 9: Carbohydrates could undergo a reaction known as hydrolysis. Which of the sentences below correctly describes hydrolysis? a) Monomers are linked together to form polymers by the removal of one or more water molecules. b) Long carbohydrates are | : b |
| Spørgsmål 10: A DNA template strand contains the following sequence: 5'-AGGCTCCAG-3'. Which complementary RNA strand can be made from this sequence? a) 5' GACCTCGGA 3', b) 5' CUGGAGCCU 3', c) 5' UGGCTCCUG 3', d) 5' AGGCUCCAG 3', e) 5' UCCGAGGUC 3' | : b |
| Spørgsmål 11: The following enzymes are involved in DNA replication: topoisomerase (circle-shaped), helicase (bean-shaped), DNA polymerase (triangle) and ligase (rounded-rectangle). Which of the following diagrams most accurately depicts the process of DN | : c |
| Spørgsmål 12: The ribosome has three binding sites (A, P, E) for tRNA molecules. Which of the following is NOT the correct statement regarding these sites? a) The E site is occupied by empty t-RNA as it is exiting the ribosome. b) The E site is occupied b | : b |
| Spørgsmål 13: The following diagram represents the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein in a eukaryotic cell. Which of the following describes an event that occurs during Step 1 in the diagram? a) pre-mRNAs are produced by RNA polymerase using | : a |
| Spørgsmål 14: Researchers have developed a drug that disrupts gene expression in a parasitic species of fungi. The drug functions by preventing the complementary binding of tRNA with an mRNA molecule. What is this drug targeting? a) the nucleus, b) smooth | : e |
| Spørgsmål 15: If you add DNA Polymerase, nucleotides, and a primer-pair to a test tube what procedure are they most likely going to do next? a) Gel electrophoresis, b) Restriction fragment length polymorphism, c) Short tandem repeat analyses, d) Polymeras | : d |
| Spørgsmål 16: Which of the following correctly describes how mitosis and meiosis are different? a) Sister chromatids separate during meiosis but not mitosis. b) Both have identical steps, but meiosis produces the gametes. c) the number of chromosomes is d | : e |
| Spørgsmål 17: How are electrons extracted from the citric acid cycle for use in the electron transport chain? a) By reduction of ATP and GTP, b) By transfer of electrons to glucose, c) By reduction of NAD+ and FAD, d) By reducing acetyl-CoA, e) By oxidizi | : c |
| Spørgsmål 18: Which 3-carbon molecule is one of the final products of glycolysis? a) 2-phosphoglycerate, b) Glucose, c) ADP, d) Acetate, e) Pyruvate | : e |
| Spørgsmål 19: Which of the following best describes what will result when a glucose-fed yeast cell is placed in an anoxic environment? a) The yeast cell will produce ATP through fermentation, generating CO2 and ethanol as byproducts. b) The yeast cell wil | : a |
| Spørgsmål 20: Why do you, as a living organism, need to continually consume food? a) Food is broken down by endergonic reactions and converted to ATP, which is then used to drive exergonic reactions. b) Immediately upon consumption, food enters cells to d | : d |
| Spørgsmål 21: What is the effect of increased levels of hydrogen ions in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria? a) Decreased levels of oxidative phosphorylation, b) Increased levels of water in intermembrane space, c) The cell would die., d) Increas | : d |
| Spørgsmål 22: If in a diploid organism two different alleles of a gene are both expressed in a heterozygous individual, the condition is termed _________. a) co-dominant, b) polygenic, c) multigenic, d) recessive | : a |
| Spørgsmål 23: X-chromosome linked disorders affect a) only individuals who suffer from trinucleotide repeat diseases, b) mostly males, c) mostly females, d) only individuals who receive two sets of the same allele | : b |
| Spørgsmål 24: What is the source of the genetic mutation that causes Huntington's disease? a) an x-linked mutation, b) a mutation in a non-critical amino acid in a protein, c) a point mutation that affects hemoglobin structure, d) a CAG repeat, e) a mutat | : d |
| Spørgsmål 25: If a homozygous tall pea plant (TT) is crossed with a homozygous short pea plant (tt), what will be the phenotype of the F1 generation? a) 1:3 short: tall, b) All tall, c) All short, d) 3:1 short: tall | : b |
| Spørgsmål 26: The back cross can distinguish heterozygotes from homozygotes as heterozygotes give a ________ phenotypic ratio. a) All dominant, b) all recessive, c) 3:1 dominant: recessive, d) 1:1 dominant: recessive | : d |
| Spørgsmål 27: If you cross homozygous recessive short plant with heterozygous purple flower to heterozygous tall plant with heterozygous purple flower, what will be the expected phenotypic ratio? a) 4:4:2:2, b) 9:3:3:1, c) 1:2:1:2:4:2:1:2:1, d) 3:1:3:1 | : c |
| Spørgsmål 28: Which of the below plant families is currently the most pharmaceutically relevant, in terms of that more pharmaceuticals have been derived from plants in this family? a) None are relevant, b) Solanaceae (Nightshade family), c) Liliaceae (Lil | : b |
| Spørgsmål 29: What statement(s) regarding plant systematics is (are) correct? (1) Asteraceae is a family in the division "Flowering plants", (2) Plants are more closely related to fungi than animals are, (3) Plants are divided into 4 divisions (phyla), wh | : b |
| Spørgsmål 30: What statement(s) regarding sexual reproduction in plants is (are) correct? (1) Sperm cells of flowering plants are transported in pollen, (2) The sexual life cycle in plants is exactly the same as in animals, (3) Mosses cannot reproduce sex | : d |
| Spørgsmål 31: What statement(s) regarding plant metabolites is (are) correct? (1) Plant secondary metabolites are no longer relevant in human medicine, (2) Alkaloids derived from plants are used in human medicine, and they are typically useful for the pla | : d |
| Spørgsmål 32: Which one of the below statements about alkaloids is correct? a) They are often divided into two groups: phenolic compounds & terpenoids, b) Salicylic acid, used by humans as a pain killer, is an alkaloid, c) Tannins are alkaloids that give | : e |
| Spørgsmål 33: What statement(s) regarding fungi is (are) correct? (1) They occur as one of two types of growth forms: branched hyphae or as single cells, (2) Fungi of the genus Penicillium are always deadly to ingest for humans, (3) Single celled fungi ar | : d |
| Spørgsmål 34: What statement(s) regarding plant anatomy is (are) correct? (1) The phloem is the "skin" tissue in plants, (2) The "bryophyte" is one of the four tissue systems of plants, (3) Leaves never contain secondary metabolites, (4) The dermal tissue | : b |
| Spørgsmål 35: What statement(s) regarding flowering plant groups is (are) correct? (1) Plants in family Asteraceae produce characteristic flower heads with many small florets, (2) Monocot plants have parallel veins in their leaves, (3) Plants in the Brass | : d |
| Spørgsmål 36: What statement(s) regarding secondary metabolites of fungi is (are) correct? (1) Salicylic acid, used in medicine as a pain killer, was first identified in a fungus, (2) Penicillin, which damages cell walls of bacteria, was first identified | : d |
| Spørgsmål 37: Which one of the below statements about phenolic compounds is correct? a) They are always made up of isoprene units and alkaloid units, b) They are often divided into two groups: alkaloids & terpenoids, c) The phenolic compound salicylic aci | : c |
| Spørgsmål 38: Malariaparasitten (Plasmodium falciparum) tilhører a) Domænet: Eukarya, Rækken: Amoebozoa, Klasse: Tubulinea, b) Domænet: Eukarya, Rækken: Parabasala, Ordenen: Trichomonadida, c) Domænet: Eukarya, Rækken: Apicomplexa, Klasse: Coccidea, d) Do | : c |
| Spørgsmål 39: Hvilken af nedenstående parasitter giver Chagas sygdom? a) Trichonympha acuta, b) Trichomonas vaginalis, c) Trypanosoma cruzi, d) Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, e) Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense | : c |
| Spørgsmål 40: Protozoer kan Indtage næring ved fagocytose, ofte ved en mundlignende struktur, hvad kaldes den type ernæring? a) Holozoisk ernæring, b) Saprofytisk ernæring, c) Saprozoisk ernæring, d) Parasitisk ernæring, e) Holofytisk ernæring | : a |
| Spørgsmål 41: Hvilken Række og klasse tilhører svinets spoleorm (Ascaris suum) a) Række: Nematoda, Klasse: Adenophorea, b) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse: Monogenea, c) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse: Cestoda, d) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse: Trematoda, | : e |
| Spørgsmål 42: Hvad er karakteristisk for muskelcellerne i kropsvæggen hos rundorme? a) Ringmuskelcellerne er glatte, b) Længdemuskelcellernes sarcoplasmatiske del ligger nærmest hypodermis, c) Længdemuskelcellerne har en celleudløber (muscle arm) til den | : c |
| Spørgsmål 43: Hvilken af nedenstående sygdomsfremkaldende rundorme inficerer mennesker med mikrofilarier? a) Hageormen, b) Spolormen, c) "Elefantiasisormen", d) Guineaormen, e) Børneormen | : c |
| Spørgsmål 44: Hvilken pattedyrorden hører mus og rotter til? a) Nøgenhaler, b) Planteædere, c) Insektædere, d) Gnavere, e) Gumlere | : d |
| Spørgsmål 45: Hvilket af følgende karaktertræk gælder ikke for pattedyr? a) Vekselvarme, b) Dievorter, c) Nyrer med henleske slynger, d) Tre mellemøreknogler, e) Hår af keratin | : a |
| Spørgsmål 46: Pattedyr har fire vævstyper. Hvilken af nedenstående findes ikke i pattedyr? a) Brikvæv, b) Bindevæv, c) Nervevæv, d) Epitelvæv, e) Muskelvæv | : a |
| Spørgsmål 47: Hvilket af nedenstående processer foregår ikke i leveren? a) Nedbrydning af giftstoffer, b) Dannelse af galdesalte, c) Nedbrydning af fedstoffer, aminosyrer, kulhydrater, d) Filtrering af blodet i glomeruli (karnøgler), e) Dannelse af glykog | : d |
| Spørgsmål 48: Hvor i fordøjelsessystemet er der den største koncentration af bakterier? a) Tyndtarm, b) Mavesækken, c) Tolvfingertarm, d) Blindtarm, e) Tyktarm | : e |
| Spørgsmål 49: Hvad kalder man hjertets 'arbejdende' fase? a) Systole, b) Ventrikulær kontraktion, c) Profase, d) Symfase, e) Diastole | : a |
| Spørgsmål 50: Hvilket er ikke et endokrint væv i mennesker? a) Hypofysen, b) Ovarier, c) Hypotalamus, d) Amygdala, e) Koglekirtelen | : d |
| Spørgsmål 51: Hvordan udveksles respiratoriske gasser mellem dyrets blodbaner og dets omgivelser? a) Diffusion og konvektion, b) Konvektion, c) Aktiv transport, d) Diffusion og aktiv transport, e) Diffusion | : a |
| Spørgsmål 52: Hvilket udsagn om respiratoriske pigmenter er falsk? a) Den funktionelle gruppe i hæmoglobin indeholder jern, b) Hæmoglobin har 4 bindingssites for ilt, c) Den funktionelle gruppe i myoglobin indeholder kobber, d) Myoglobin har generelt en h | : c |
| Spørgsmål 53: Hvilket udsagn om den venstre side af menneskehjertet er sandt? a) Den venstre side er mindre muskuløs end den højre, b) Blodet flyder fra venstre side og ud i det systemiske væv, c) Blodet flyder fra venstre side og ud i venerne, d) Blodet | : b |
| Spørgsmål 54: Hvad kaldes de signaleringsstoffer som det endokrine system sender ud? a) Hormoner, b) Adrenalin, c) Aktionspotentialer, d) Neurotransmittere, e) Steroider | : a |
| Spørgsmål 55: Figuren relaterer til insulin i blodbanerne på et menneske. Hvor på figuren foregår der faciliteret diffusion af glukose? a) 1, b) 2, c) 3, d) 4, e) 2 og 4 | : d |
| Spørgsmål 56: Hvilken struktur i mænds reproduktionssystem producerer sædceller? a) Sædrør (Seminiferous tubuli), b) Sædstrengen (Vas deferens), c) Cowpers kirtel (Bulbourethral kirtel), d) Bitestikel (Epididymis), e) Prostata | : a |
| Spørgsmål 57: Calcium har en afgørende rolle for reguleringen af muskelkontraktioner, hvilken? a) Calcium binder til tropomyosin, herved forskubbes troponin komplekset så myosin kan binde til actin, b) Calcium binder til troponin komplekset, herved forsku | : b |
| Spørgsmål 58: Den mindste kontraktile enhed i en muskelcelle kaldes? a) Sarkomer, b) Myosin, c) Myofibril, d) Muskelfiber, e) Actin | : a |
| Spørgsmål 59: Hvilken neurotransmitter frigives fra motorneuroner til muskelcellerne hos vertebrater (hvirveldyr)? a) Dopamin, b) Dynorfin, c) Glutarnat, d) Serotonin, e) Acetylcholin | : e |
| Spørgsmål 60: Den stigende fase i aktionspotentialet skyldes? a) Indstrømning af Natrium-ioner, b) Udstrømning af både Klorid-ioner og Kalium-ioner, c) Udstrømning af Klorid-ioner, d) Indstrømning af Natrium-ioner og samtidig udstrømning af Kalium-ioner, | : a |
| Spørgsmål 1: How is a polymer synthesized? a) via a hydration reaction, b) via a hydrolysis reaction, c) via a dehydration reaction, d) via an esterification reaction, e) via a hydrogenation reaction | : c |
| Spørgsmål 2: In what part of the cell does the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA-cycle/Krebs cycle) take place? a) mitochondria, b) endoplasmic reticulum, c) cytoplasm, d) Golgi apparatus, e) nucleus | : a |
| Spørgsmål 3: Recognition or biding site of RNA polymerase is called? a) activator, b) receptor, c) facilitator, d) promoter, e) terminator | : d |
| Spørgsmål 4: If you wanted to design a new industrial catalyst based on something biological, which molecule would you use? a) Sugars, b) Proteins, c) DNA, d) Fatty acids, e) RNA | : b |
| Spørgsmål 5: Which of the constituents are NOT required during replication? a) Primase, b) Template and trinucleotides, c) RNA polymerase, d) RNA primer, e) DNA polymerase | : c |
| Spørgsmål 6: You are looking at a cell under the microscope. The presence of which structure tells you the cell is eukaryotic? a) Cell membrane, b) Ribosomes, c) Cytoplasm, d) DNA, e) Nucleus | : e |
| Spørgsmål 7: The synthesis of mRNA based on a DNA template is called: a) transcription, b) DNA duplication, c) translation, d) DNA restriction, e) DNA replication | : a |
| Spørgsmål 8: An mRNA transcript of a gene contains a) a stop codon, b) a start codon, c) all of these, d) a terminator | : c |
| Spørgsmål 9: The mRNA links up with ribosomes to start the process of: a) splicing, b) transcription, c) restriction, d) replication, e) translation | : e |
| Spørgsmål 10: A DNA template strand contains the following sequence: 5'-AGGCTCCAG-3'. Which complementary RNA strand can be made from this sequence? a) 5'AGGCUCCAG 3', b) 5' UGGCTCCUG 3', c) 5' CUGGAGCCU 3', d) 5' GACCTCGGA 3', e) 5' UCCGAGGUC 3' | : c |
| Spørgsmål 11: A phosphate group is added by an enzyme called: a) helicase, b) polymerase, c) gyrase, d) phosphatase, e) kinase | : e |
| Spørgsmål 12: Researchers have developed a drug that disrupts gene expression in a parasitic species of fungi. The drug functions by preventing the complementary binding of tRNA with an mRNA molecule. What is this drug targeting? a) Golgi apparatus, b) th | : b |
| Spørgsmål 13: If you add DNA Polymerase, nucleotides, and a primer-pair to a test tube what procedure are they most likely going to do next? a) Polymerase chain reaction, b) Short tandem repeat analyses, c) Restriction fragment length polymorphism, d) Gel | : a |
| Spørgsmål 14: Complete the sentence - "Lysosomes are the ____ centers of the cell. a) Energy centers, b) Respiratory centers, c) All of these, d) Digestive centers, e) Excretory centers | : d |
| Spørgsmål 15: Which organelle lacks the property of self-replication? a) Mitochondria, b) Chloroplast, c) Centriole, d) Ribosome, e) None of the above | : d |
| Spørgsmål 16: Name the substance that fails to cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion: a) Carbon dioxide, b) Water, c) Oxygen, d) Protons, e) None of the above | : d |
| Spørgsmål 17: How are electrons extracted from the citric acid cycle for use in the electron transport chain? a) By reduction of ATP and GTP, b) By oxidizing NAD+ and FAD, c) By reducing acetyl-CoA, d) By reduction of NAD+ and FAD, e) By transfer of elect | : d |
| Spørgsmål 18: Which 3-carbon molecule is one of the final products of glycolysis? a) ADP, b) Acetate, c) 2-phosphoglycerate, d) Glucose, e) Pyruvate | : e |
| Spørgsmål 19: In anaerobic respiration the terminal electron acceptor is NOT: a) nitrate, b) oxygen, c) sulfate, d) hydrogen, e) glucose | : b |
| Spørgsmål 20: The electron flow generated by the oxidation of NADH and FADH2 is called: a) phosphorylation, b) electron transport chain, c) dehydrogenation, d) oxidative phosphorylation, e) none of the above | : b |
| Spørgsmål 21: What is the effect of increased levels of hydrogen ions in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria? a) Increased ATP production, b) The cell would die, c) Decreased levels of oxidative phosphorylation, d) Increased levels of water in int | : a |
| Spørgsmål 22: A man with hemophilia (a recessive, sex-linked condition) has a daughter of normal phenotype. She marries a man who is normal for the trait. What is the probability that a daughter of this mating will be a hemophiliac? a) 0%, b) 25%, c) 50% | : a |
| Spørgsmål 23: What pattern of inheritance would lead a geneticist to suspect that an inherited disorder of cell metabolism is due to a defective mitochondrial gene? a) If it is present only in the mother, the daughter, and the granddaughter., b) If it is | : a |
| Spørgsmål 24: A cross between two homozygous lines, one with dark blue flowers and one with bright white flowers, produces F1 offspring that are light blue. When the F1 progeny are bred with each other a 1:2:1 ratio of dark blue to light blue to white flo | : c |
| Spørgsmål 25: Imagine a human disorder that is inherited as a recessive, X-linked trait. How would the frequency of this disorder vary between males and females? a) Males would display this disorder with greater frequency than females., b) Males and femal | : a |
| Spørgsmål 26: Gregor Mendel set up a dihybrid cross with one pea plant from the parental generation (P) producing round yellow peas and the other pea plant producing wrinkled green peas. The F2 generation included 315 plants producing round yellow peas, 1 | : c |
| Spørgsmål 27: What can we observe in order to visualize Mendel's Law of Segregation? a) sister chromatids separating during mitosis, b) the behavior of sex-linked genes, c) homologous chromosomes separating during meiosis, d) the replication of DNA | : c |
| Spørgsmål 28: Which of the below plant families is in the Monocot (Monocotyledon) group? a) Fabaceae (Pea family), b) Rosaceae (Rose family), c) Liliaceae (Lily family), d) Solanaceae (Nightshade family), e) None of the above | : c |
| Spørgsmål 29: What statement(s) regarding plant systematics is (are) correct? (1) Asteraceae is a family in the division "Coniferous plants", (2) Plants are less closely related to fungi than animals are, (3) Plants are divided into 4 divisions (phyla), w | : e |
| Spørgsmål 30: What statement(s) regarding sexual reproduction in plants is (are) correct? (1) Sperm cells are the "spores" of flowering plants, (2) The sexual life cycle in plants is exactly the same as in fungi, (3) Mosses cannot reproduce asexually, (4) | : a |
| Spørgsmål 31: What statement(s) regarding plant metabolites is (are) correct? (1) Alkaloids derived from plants are used in human medicine, and they are typically useful for the plants as a defense against other organisms, (2) All terpenoids are considere | : c |
| Spørgsmål 32: Which one of the below statements about alkaloids is correct? a) Tannins are alkaloids that give plants a sour taste, b) Salicylic acid, used in medicine as a pain killer, is not an alkaloid, c) They are never produced by plants in the Night | : b |
| Spørgsmål 33: What statement(s) regarding fungi is (are) correct? (1) They are always single-celled organisms, (2) Fungi are always deadly to ingest for humans, (3) Sexually reproducing fungi are referred to as "yeasts". a) Ingen udsagn er korrekte, b) Ku | : a |
| Spørgsmål 34: What statement(s) regarding plant anatomy is (are) correct? (1) The epidermis is the "skin" tissue in plants, (2) The "sporophyte" is one of the four tissue systems of plants, (3) Leaves never contain secondary metabolites, (4) The xylem tis | : d |
| Spørgsmål 35: What statement(s) regarding flowering plant groups is (are) correct? (1) Plants in family Asteraceae produce characteristic flowers with 10-20 petals, (2) Dicot plants have don't have leaves, (3) Plants in the Brassicaceae (Cabbage) family h | : e |
| Spørgsmål 36: What statement(s) regarding secondary metabolites of fungi is (are) correct? (1) Salicylic acid, used in medicine as a pain killer, was first identified in a fungus, (2) Penicillin, which damages cell walls of bacteria, was first identified | : e |
| Spørgsmål 37: Which one of the below statements about phenolic compounds is correct? a) They are always made up of isoprene units and alkaloid units, b) They are often divided into two groups: bryophytes & sporophytes, c) Alkaloids are always phenolic com | : d |
| Spørgsmål 38: Hvilket domæne, række og klasse tilhører Toxoplasma gondii (giver toxoplasmose)? a) Domænet: Eukarya, Rækken: Euglenozoa, Underrække: Kinetoplasta, b) Domænet: Eukarya, Rækken: Apicomplexa, Klasse: Coccidea, c) Domænet: Eukarya, Rækken: Amoe | : b |
| Spørgsmål 39: Hvilken af nedenstående parasitter giver afrikansk sovesyge? a) Leishmania aethiopica, b) Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, c) Trichonympha acuta, d) Trichomonas vaginalis, e) Trypanosoma cruzi | : b |
| Spørgsmål 40: Hvilken Række og klasse tilhører oksetintebændelormen (Taenia saginatum) a) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse: Monogenea, b) Række: Nematoda, Klasse: Adenophorea, c) Række: Nematoda, Klasse: Secernentea, d) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse: Trema | : e |
| Spørgsmål 41: Hvad er karakteristisk for kropsbygningen hos bændelorme? a) De har cilieret epidermis, hovededelen er udstyret med sanseceller (øjepletter og kemoreception) og tarmen er tre-grenet., b) De har en cylindrisk krop med højt indre hydrostatisk | : c |
| Spørgsmål 42: Hvilken af nedenstående fladorm er særkønnet? a) Fårets leverikte (Fasciola hepatica), b) Kinesisk leverikte (Chlonorchis sinensis), c) Blodikten (Schistosoma mansoni), d) Ekinokokken (Echinococcus granulosus), e) Hundebændelormen (Dipylidiu | : c |
| Spørgsmål 43: Hvilken pattedyrorden hører mus og rotter til? a) Gumlere, b) Planteædere, c) Nøgenhaler, d) Gnavere, e) Insektædere | : d |
| Spørgsmål 44: Hvilket udsagn om kropstemperatur hos pattedyr er forkert? a) Konstant kropstemperatur betyder, at enzymprocesser kan optimeres, b) Kropstemperaturen følger omgivelsernes temperatur, c) Kropstemperaturen skyldes den høje metabolisme hos patt | : b |
| Spørgsmål 45: Hvilket udsagn om pattedyrlungen er forkert? a) lungerne har et residualvolumen på 2 liter, b) CO2 (kuldioxid) udskilles ved diffusion i lungerne, c) blodet iltes i de tyndvæggede alveoler, d) lungen ventileres ved undertryk, der dannes ved | : e |
| Spørgsmål 46: Pattedyr har fire vævstyper. Hvilken af nedenstående findes ikke i pattedyr? a) Brikvæv, b) Bindevæv, c) Nervevæv, d) Epitelvæv, e) Muskelvæv | : a |
| Spørgsmål 47: Hvilket af nedenstående processer foregår ikke i leveren? a) Nedbrydning af giftstoffer, b) Dannelse af galdesalte, c) Nedbrydning af fedstoffer, aminosyrer, kulhydrater, d) Filtrering af blodet i glomeruli (karnøgler), e) Dannelse af glykog | : d |
| Spørgsmål 48: Hvor i fordøjelsessystemet er der den største koncentration af bakterier? a) Tyndtarm, b) Mavesækken, c) Tolvfingertarm, d) Blindtarm, e) Tyktarm | : e |
| Spørgsmål 49: Hvad kalder man hjertets 'arbejdende' fase? a) Systole, b) Ventrikulær kontraktion, c) Profase, d) Symfase, e) Diastole | : a |
| Spørgsmål 50: Hvilket er ikke et endokrint væv i mennesker? a) Hypofysen, b) Ovarier, c) Hypotalamus, d) Amygdala, e) Koglekirtelen | : d |
| Spørgsmål 51: Hvordan udveksles respiratoriske gasser mellem dyrets blodbaner og dets omgivelser? a) Diffusion og konvektion, b) Konvektion, c) Aktiv transport, d) Diffusion og aktiv transport, e) Diffusion | : a |
| Spørgsmål 52: Hvilket udsagn om respiratoriske pigmenter er falsk? a) Den funktionelle gruppe i hæmoglobin indeholder jern, b) Hæmoglobin har 4 bindingssites for ilt, c) Den funktionelle gruppe i myoglobin indeholder kobber, d) Myoglobin har generelt en h | : c |
| Spørgsmål 53: Hvilket udsagn om den venstre side af menneskehjertet er sandt? a) Den venstre side er mindre muskuløs end den højre, b) Blodet flyder fra venstre side og ud i det systemiske væv, c) Blodet flyder fra venstre side og ud i venerne, d) Blodet | : b |
| Spørgsmål 54: Hvad kaldes de signaleringsstoffer som det endokrine system sender ud? a) Hormoner, b) Adrenalin, c) Aktionspotentialer, d) Neurotransmittere, e) Steroider | : a |
| Spørgsmål 55: Figuren relaterer til insulin i blodbanerne på et menneske. Hvor på figuren foregår der faciliteret diffusion af glukose? a) 1, b) 2, c) 3, d) 4, e) 2 og 4 | : d |
| Spørgsmål 56: Hvilken struktur i mænds reproduktionssystem producerer sædceller? a) Sædrør (Seminiferous tubuli), b) Sædstrengen (Vas deferens), c) Cowpers kirtel (Bulbourethral kirtel), d) Bitestikel (Epididymis), e) Prostata | : a |
| Spørgsmål 57: Calcium har en afgørende rolle for reguleringen af muskelkontraktioner, hvilken? a) Calcium binder til tropomyosin, herved forskubbes troponin komplekset så myosin kan binde til actin, b) Calcium binder til troponin komplekset, herved forsku | : b |
| Spørgsmål 58: Den mindste kontraktile enhed i en muskelcelle kaldes? a) Sarkomer, b) Myosin, c) Myofibril, d) Muskelfiber, e) Actin | : a |
| Spørgsmål 59: Hvilken neurotransmitter frigives fra motorneuroner til muskelcellerne hos vertebrater (hvirveldyr)? a) Dopamin, b) Dynorfin, c) Glutarnat, d) Serotonin, e) Acetylcholin | : e |
| Spørgsmål 60: Den stigende fase i aktionspotentialet skyldes? a) Indstrømning af Natrium-ioner, b) Udstrømning af både Klorid-ioner og Kalium-ioner, c) Udstrømning af Klorid-ioner, d) Indstrømning af Natrium-ioner og samtidig udstrømning af Kalium-ioner, | : a |
| Spørgsmål 1: Which element(s) from the following list is/are part(s) of a bacterial operon? a) repressor gene, b) promoter, c) inducer, d) repressor protein, e) ribosome | : b |
| Spørgsmål 2: Which of the following is a modification made to eukaryotic mRNA before it is exported to the cytosol? a) The 5' end is capped., b) A poly-A tail is added to the 3' end., c) Introns are removed., d) All of the above | : d |
| Spørgsmål 3: Which of the following act as the blueprint or template for the process of protein synthesis that takes place on ribosomes? a) rRNA, b) mRNA, c) DNA, d) tRNA, e) siRNA | : b |
| Spørgsmål 4: The ribosome has three binding sites (A, P, E) for tRNA molecules. Which of the following is NOT the correct statement regarding these sites? a) The A site binds to an incoming aminoacyl-tRNA, b) The P site codon is occupied by peptidyl-tRNA | : d |
| Spørgsmål 5: What can explain the unusual pattern observed in the cell below? a) During metaphase, one of the chromosomes failed to bind microtubules from both spindle poles, b) During prophase one of the chromosomes failed to condense, c) The cell made t | : a |
| Spørgsmål 6: In what part of the cell does glycolysis take place? a) Cytoplasm, b) Mitochondria, c) Ribosome, d) Nucleus, e) Golgi apparatus | : a |
| Spørgsmål 7: Why does sexual reproduction (via meiosis) have an advantage over asexual reproduction (via mitosis)? a) Meiosis is more efficient at producing offspring, b) Meiosis allows two parents to invest resources in offspring, c) Meiosis allows for m | : d |
| Spørgsmål 8: How are electrons extracted from the citric acid cycle for use in the electron transport chain? a) By reduction of ATP and GTP, b) By reduction of NAD+ and FAD, c) By reducing acetyl-CoA, d) By oxidizing NAD+ and FAD, e) By transfer of electr | : b |
| Spørgsmål 9: What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism? a) One produces ATP during cell respiration (catabolism) the other consumes ATP during cell biosynthesis (anabolism), b) There are no differences., c) Catabolism is cellular respiration | : a |
| Spørgsmål 10: What is the main difference between the two ways of generating ATP in a cell: oxidative phosphorylation (OP) and substrate-level phosphorylation (SLP)? a) The main difference is that during SLP - ATP is built directly (transferring a phospha | : a |
| Spørgsmål 11: What pattern of inheritance would lead a geneticist to suspect that an inherited disorder of cell metabolism is due to a defective mitochondrial gene? a) The disorder would always be inherited from the mother., b) The disorder would always b | : a |
| Spørgsmål 12: A cross between two homozygous lines, one with dark blue flowers and one with bright white flowers, produces F1 offspring that are light blue. When the F1 progeny are bred with each other a 1:2:1 ratio of dark blue to light blue to white flo | : b |
| Spørgsmål 13: Mutations which occur in body cells which do not go on to form gametes can be classified as: a) morphological mutations, b) oncogenes, c) somatic mutations | : c |
| Spørgsmål 14: Plants in which of the below families contain glucosinolates? a) Brassicaceae (cabbage family), b) Liliaceae (Lily family), c) Rosaceae (Rose family), d) Poaceae (Grass family), e) None of the above | : a |
| Spørgsmål 15: What statement regarding plant systematics is not correct? (1) Yew (Taxus), which is used to produce Taxol, is a Gymnosperm in the Conifer division, (2) Plants are less closely related to fungi than animals are, (3) Plants are divided into 5 | : c |
| Spørgsmål 16: What statement(s) regarding sexual reproduction in plants is (are) correct? (1) The flower can be viewed as the sexual organ of flowering plants (angiosperms), (2) The sexual life cycle in plants is exactly the same as in all fungi, (3) Plan | : a |
| Spørgsmål 17: What statement(s) regarding plant metabolites is (are) correct? (1) Plant secondary metabolites are often useful in human medicine, (2) Alkaloids from plants are used in human medicine, and they are typically useful for the plants as a defen | : d |
| Spørgsmål 18: What statement(s) regarding fungi is (are) correct? (1) Fungi can often reproduce both sexually and asexually, (2) All fungi of the genus Penicillium are poisonous for humans if eaten, (3) A mycosis is a fungal infection in humans or other a | : d |
| Spørgsmål 19: Hvilken række og klasse tilhører den kinesiske leverikte (Chlonorchis sinensis) a) Række: Nematoda, Klasse: Adenophorea, b) Række: Nematoda, Klasse: Secernentea, c) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse: Trematoda, d) Række: Platyhelminthes, Klasse | : c |
| Spørgsmål 20: Hvilken parasit forårsager sygdommen bilharziose (sneglefeber) hos mennesker? a) Schistosoma mansoni, b) Chlonorchis sinensis, c) Fasciola hepatica, d) Taenia saginata, e) Dupylidium caninum | : a |
| Spørgsmål 21: Hvad er karakteristisk for mave-tarmsystemet hos fladorme? a) De har to maver, en depotmave (kro) og en muskelmave (krås)., b) De har ikke noget gat, altså en ukomplet tarm., c) De har gastriske ceca (blindtarme) til fordøjelse., d) De har e | : b |
| Spørgsmål 22: Hvor i neuronet starter aktionspotentialerne? a) Nucleus, b) Dendritterne, c) Axon Hillock, d) Synapseterminalerne, e) Cellekernen | : c |
| Spørgsmål 23: Hvilemembranpotentialet skyldes primært: a) Diffusion af Kalium in i cellen og Natrium ud af cellen, b) Diffusion af Klorid ind i cellen og Kalium ud af cellen, c) Diffusion af Kalium ud af cellen og Natrium ind i cellen, d) Natrium-Kalium p | : c |
| Spørgsmål 24: Hvilket af nedenstående træk er ikke et karaktertræk for pattedyr? a) Hår af keratin, b) tre-kamret hjerte, c) en | me, d) ydre øre, e) stor hjerne med veludviklet cortex og neocortex |
| Spørgsmål 25: Hvilken af nedenstående processer foregår ikke i leveren? a) Dannelse af glykogen, b) Dannelse af galdesalte, c) Dannelse af røde blodlegemer, d) Nedbrydning af fedtsyrer, e) Nedbrydning af aminosyrer | : c |
| Spørgsmål 26: Hvilket af følgende udsagn om fordøjelsessystemet er forkert? a) Tyktarmen har den største koncentration af bakterier, b) Bugspyt fra bugspytkirtlen (pancreas) indeholder enzymer, der nedbryder aminosyrer, c) I mavesækken sekreteres HCI (sal | : e |
| Spørgsmål 27: Hvad kalder man hjertets 'arbejdende' fase? a) Diastole, b) Systole, c) Ventrikulær kontraktion, d) Profase, e) symfase | : b |
| Spørgsmål 28: Hvor mange ilt-atomer kan et humant hæmoglobin binde når det er fuldt mættet? a) 4, b) 02, c) 01, d) 06, e) 08 | : a |
| Spørgsmål 29: Hvilket er ikke et endokrint væv i mennesker? a) Hypotalamus, b) Ovarier, c) Koglekirtelen, d) Amygdala, e) hypofysen | : d |
| Spørgsmål 30: Når en kvinde bliver gravid udskiller hun flere forskellige hormoner, men et udskilles relativt tidligt i selve graviditeten og derfor tester de fleste hjemme-graviditetsteste efter netop dette hormon. Hvad kaldes det? a) Humant Choriogonado | : a |
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