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Vaughn Ch 6,7 & 9

Ethics

QuestionAnswer
Hypothetical imperative An imperative that tells us what we should do if we have certain desires. ex: If you need money, work for it.
Categorical imperative An imperative that we should follow regardless of our particular wants and needs
Perfect duty A duty that has no exceptions
Imperfect duty A duty that has exceptions
Means - ends principle The rule that we must always treat people as ends, never merely as a means
Doctrine of double effect The principle that performing a good action may be permissible even if it has bad effects, but performing bad action for the purpose of achieving good effects is never permissible, any bad effect must be unintended.
Virtue Ethics A theory of morality that makes virtue the central theme
Eudaimonia Happiness or flourishing
Virtue A stable disposition to act and feel according to some ideal or model of excellence
Golden Mean Aristotle's notion of a virtue as a balance between two behavioral extremes
Considered Moral Judgement Assessments we make about cases and principles after careful reflection that is clear and unbiased
Prima Facie Principle Principles that apply in a situation unless exceptions are justified
Principlism A moral theory consisting of multiple moral principles that must be weighed and balanced against one another to determine right actions. Ex" Respect, Justice, Beneficence
Negative right A right that obligates others not to interfere with our obtaining something morally important
Positive right A right that obligates others to help us obtain something
Retributive justice Justice concerning the fair use of punishment for wrongdoing
Distributive justice Justice concerning the fair distribution of benefits and costs, especially those associated with being members of society. Ex: income, taxes, healthcare, and public services
Self evident statement A statement that we are justified in believing merely by understanding it. Ex: Whatever has a shape has a size
Created by: gmunnie
 

 



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