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Histology

Epithelial Tissue

ConceptExplanation
4 primary types of tissue epithelial (covering/lining), connective (support), muscle (movement), nervous (control)
Epithelial Tissue Characteristics cells are tightly joined with little intercellular space, rest on basement membrane avascular
Epithelial membranes simple epithelium (one layer) and stratified epithelium (more than one)
Epithelial tissue fxns protection, permeability, sensation, & secretion
Protection fxn of Epithelial tissue protect exposed and internal surfaces from abrasion, dehydration, and destruction by foreign agents
Permeability fxn of Epithelial tissue any substance that enters or leaves your body must cross an epithelium (provides selective absorption
Sensation fxn of Epithelial tissue provide information about the external and internal environments (example - senxe of smell)
Secretion fxn of Epithelial tissue gland cells release a substance (example - mucus)
8 Types of epithelial cells Simple squamous, simple cuboidal, simple columnar, transitional, stratified squamous, stratified cuboidal, stratified columnar, pseudostratified columnar
Simple Squamous Epithelium structure single layer of extremely flat cells
Simple Squamous Epithelium fxns diffusion, filtration, linin
Simple Squamous Epithelium location lining of heart (endocardium), blood and lymphatic vessels (endothelium), alveoli of the lungs, lining of serous membranes (mesothelium)
Stratified Squamous Epithelium location surface of skin; lining of mouth, throat, esophagus, rectum, anus, and vagina
Stratified Squamous Epithelium fxns provides physical protection against abrasion, pathogens, and chemical attack
Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium Keratin protein present = cells become non nucleated & dead and filled with keratin
Non-Keratinized Stratified Squamous Epithelium Keratin not present = cells are nucleated and living
Stratified Squamous Epithelium structure several cell layers thick and surface cells are flat with 2 types (keratinized and non-keratinized)
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Shape box shaped and 1 layer
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium Fxn secretion and absorption
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium location covering surface of ovaries, lining kidney tubules, salivary ducts, & pancreatic ducts
Stratified Cuboidal shape box-shaped with multiple layers
Stratified Cuboidal fxn strengthen lumen walls
Stratified Cuboidal location ducts of large sweat glands, salivary glands, & pancreas
Simple columnar epithelium fxn secretion and absorption
Stratified columnar epithelium structure several layers of cells with superficial layer of columnar and basal layers are cuboidal
Stratified columnar epithelium location pharynx and male urethra
Transitional Epithelium highly modified stratified epithelium with lots of stretching that lines some organs of the urinary system
Transitional Epithelium structure Basal layers that are cuboidal or columnar; other layers variable
(T/F) When organ is full, the layers of Transitional Epithelium flatten out and look like squamous cells True
Glandular Epithelium epithelium tissue found in glands and specialized for exocrine and endocrine secretion
Exocrine glands have duct system
Endocrine glands secrete hormones glands (ductless)
Serous secretion secret watery fluid rich in protein (parotid glands)
Mucous secretion secret mucus; poor in protein (goblet cells)
Muco-serus secretion as in mixed salivary glands
Milky secretion mammary gland
Wax secretion glands in external ear
Fatty secretion sebaceous glands
Watery secretion sweat glands
Cellular secretion ovary and testis
Apocrine glands a small portion of the apical cytoplasm discharged with the secretory products. e.g. Mammary glands and some sweat glands
Holocrine glands discharge whole cell; Sebaceous glands (sebum)
Merocrine glands in which secretion occurs by exocytosis; i.e. no cellular changes as parotid glands
Lost during secretion Merocrine, apocrine, and holocrine
Unicellular glands (goblet cells) secrete mucus
(T/F) Multicellular glands cannot be further classified according to the shape of secretory portion False
Created by: satya.benoit
 

 



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