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Science Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the steps of the scientific method in order? | Question → Hypothesis → Experiment → Interpret/Analyze Data → Conclusion |
| What is a hypothesis? | An educated guess |
| What is an experiment? | A test used to collect data |
| What happens after an experiment? | Interpret/Analyze Data |
| What is the final step of the scientific method? | Conclusion |
| What is an independent variable? | The factor that is changed |
| What is a dependent variable? | The factor that is measured |
| What is a constant? | A factor that stays the same |
| What is a qualitative observation? | An observation described with words |
| What is a quantitative observation? | An observation described with numbers or measurements |
| Is "The cup had a mass of 454 grams" qualitative or quantitative? | Quantitative |
| Is "The temperature outside is 25°C" qualitative or quantitative? | Quantitative |
| Is "It is warm outside" qualitative or quantitative? | Qualitative |
| Is "The tree is 30 feet tall" qualitative or quantitative? | Quantitative |
| Is "The building has 25 stories" qualitative or quantitative? | Quantitative |
| Is "The building is taller than the tree" qualitative or quantitative? | Qualitative |
| Is "The sidewalk is long" qualitative or quantitative? | Qualitative |
| Is "The sidewalk is 100 meters long" qualitative or quantitative? | Quantitative |
| Is "The race was over quickly" qualitative or quantitative? | Qualitative |
| Is "The race was over in 10 minutes" qualitative or quantitative? | Quantitative |
| What is an observation? | Information gathered using the senses |
| What is an inference? | A conclusion based on observations |
| What charge does a proton have? | Positive |
| What charge does an electron have? | Negative |
| What charge does a neutron have? | No charge (neutral) |
| What is the nucleus? | The core of an atom |
| What particles are found in the nucleus? | Protons and neutrons |
| What are the two kinds of pure substances? | Elements and compounds |
| What is an element? | A pure substance that cannot be broken down chemically |
| What is a compound? | Two or more elements chemically combined that can be chemically broken down |
| What is a mixture? | A combination of two or more kinds of matter that can be separated physically |
| What is a solution? | A mixture in which a solute dissolves in a solvent |
| What are the three states of matter? | Solid, liquid, gas |
| What state of matter has a definite shape and volume? | Solid |
| What state of matter has a definite volume but takes the shape of its container? | Liquid |
| What state of matter has no definite shape or volume? | Gas |
| What phase change changes a solid into a liquid? | Melting |
| Is energy added or removed during melting? | Added |
| What phase change changes a liquid into a gas? | Vaporization (Evaporation) |
| Is energy added or removed during vaporization? | Added |
| What phase change changes a gas into a liquid? | Condensation |
| Is energy added or removed during condensation? | Removed |
| What phase change changes a liquid into a solid? | Freezing |
| Is energy added or removed during freezing? | Removed |
| What phase change changes a solid directly into a gas? | Sublimation |
| Is energy added or removed during sublimation? | Added |
| What phase change changes a gas directly into a solid? | Deposition |
| Is energy added or removed during deposition? | Removed |
| What is a physical change? | A change in size, shape, or state |
| What is a chemical change? | A change that forms a new substance |
| Is rusting a bicycle a physical or chemical change? | Chemical change |
| Is spoiled milk a physical or chemical change? | Chemical change |
| Is digesting food a physical or chemical change? | Chemical change |
| Is burning leaves a physical or chemical change? | Chemical change |
| Is melting butter a physical or chemical change? | Physical change |
| Is whipped cream a physical or chemical change? | Physical change |
| Is chewing food a physical or chemical change? | Physical change |
| Is breaking glass a physical or chemical change? | Physical change |
| Is mixing lemonade powder into water a physical or chemical change? | Physical change |
| What metric unit is used to measure mass? | Grams (g) |
| What tool measures mass? | Triple beam balance |
| What metric units are used to measure volume? | Milliliters (mL) or Liters (L) |
| What tool measures volume? | Graduated cylinder |
| What is density? | Mass divided by volume |
| What is the formula for density? | Density = Mass ÷ Volume |
| What is the formula for mass? | Mass = Density × Volume |
| What is the formula for volume? | Volume = Mass ÷ Density |
| What method is used to measure the volume of an irregular object? | Water displacement |
| What tool is used in water displacement? | Graduated cylinder |
| What is the density of water? | 1.0 g/cm³ |
| What is the density of ice? | 0.93 g/cm³ |
| What is the density of oak wood? | 0.85 g/cm³ |
| What is the density of aluminum? | 2.7 g/cm³ |
| What is the density of lead? | 11.3 g/cm³ |
| What is the density of gold? | 19.3 g/cm³ |
| What happens if an object's density is less than 1 g/cm³? | It floats in water |
| What happens if an object's density is greater than 1 g/cm³? | It sinks in water |
| What is the chemical formula for sulfuric acid? | H₂SO₄ |
| How many hydrogen atoms are in H₂SO₄? | 2 |
| How many sulfur atoms are in H₂SO₄? | 1 |
| How many oxygen atoms are in H₂SO₄? | 4 |
| How many total atoms are in H₂SO₄? | 7 |
| What are the two main categories of matter? | Pure substances and mixtures |
| What are the two types of mixtures? | Heterogeneous and homogeneous |
| What is a heterogeneous mixture? | Unevenly mixed |
| What is a homogeneous mixture? | Evenly mixed |
| What is an example of an element? | Oxygen |
| What is an example of a heterogeneous mixture? | Sand and sticks |
| What is an example of a homogeneous mixture? | Salt water |
| What are the two parts of a solution? | Solute and solvent |
| What is a solute? | The substance that dissolves |
| What is a solvent? | The substance that does the dissolving |
| What are three ways to increase the rate of dissolving? | Heat, stir, crush into smaller pieces |
| What pH do acids have? | Less than 7 |
| What pH is neutral? | 7 |
| What pH do bases have? | Greater than 7 |
| What is an indicator? | A substance that tells whether something is an acid, base, or neutral |
| Which are compounds: H₂O₂, Co, NH₃, Na, He, CO, H₂SO₄? | H₂O₂, NH₃, CO, H₂SO₄ |
| Which are elements: H₂O₂, Co, NH₃, Na, He, CO, H₂SO₄? | Co, Na, He |
| What is the atomic number of Aluminum (Al)? | 13 |
| What is the electron arrangement of Aluminum? | 2-8-3 |
| What is the atomic number of Beryllium (Be)? | 4 |
| What is the electron arrangement of Beryllium? | 2-2 |
| What is the atomic number of Sodium (Na)? | 11 |
| What is the electron arrangement of Sodium? | 2-8-1 |
| What are the two categories of energy? | Kinetic energy and potential energy |
| What is kinetic energy? | Energy of motion |
| What is potential energy? | Stored energy |
| What is electrical energy? | The movement of electrical charges |
| What is chemical energy? | Energy stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules |
| What is elastic energy? | Energy stored in objects by the application of a force |
| What is radiant energy? | Electromagnetic energy that travels in transverse waves |
| What is thermal energy? | The internal energy in substances |
| What is mechanical energy? | The movement of objects and substances from one place to another |
| What is sound energy? | The movement of energy through substances in waves |
| What is nuclear energy? | Energy stored in the nucleus of an atom |
| What is gravitational energy? | The energy of position or place |
| What energy transformation occurs in a flashlight? | Chemical → Electrical → Light |
| What energy transformation occurs in an electric saw? | Electrical → Mechanical |
| What energy transformation occurs in a toaster? | Electrical → Thermal |
| What energy transformation occurs in a gas-powered scooter? | Chemical → Thermal → Mechanical |
| What energy transformation occurs in the Sun? | Nuclear → Light and Heat |
| What energy transformation occurs in a wind turbine? | Mechanical → Electrical |
| What energy transformation occurs in an iPod? | Chemical → Electrical → Sound |
| What energy transformation occurs when a speaker vibrates? | Mechanical → Sound |
| In a steam generator, fuel contains what type of energy? | Chemical energy |
| Steam provides what type of energy to the turbine? | Mechanical energy |
| The generator produces what type of energy? | Electrical energy |
| The lamp changes electrical energy into what type of energy? | Light energy |
| What is a conductor? | A material that allows electricity to flow easily |
| What is an example of a conductor? | Copper |
| What is an insulator? | A material that does not allow electricity to flow easily |
| What is an example of an insulator? | Plastic |
| What is static electricity? | An electric charge caused by friction |
| What is an example of an electric discharge? | Lightning |
| What happens between opposite charges? | They attract |
| What happens between like charges? | They repel |
| What are the two types of circuits? | Series and parallel |
| What is Circuit 1? | Series |
| What is Circuit 2? | Parallel |
| What happens when north faces north? | Repel |
| What happens when south faces south? | Repel |
| What happens when north faces south? | Attract |
| Where is the magnetic field strongest? | At the poles |
| What is an electromagnet? | A magnet made using electricity |
| What is one advantage of an electromagnet? | It can be turned on and off |
| How can an electromagnet be made stronger? | Use more electricity |
| How can an electromagnet be made weaker? | Use less electricity |
| What is Newton's First Law? | An object in motion stays in motion and an object at rest stays at rest unless acted on by an outside force |
| What is another name for Newton's First Law? | Inertia |
| What is Newton's Second Law? | Force = Mass × Acceleration (F = ma) |
| What is Newton's Third Law? | For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction |
| Which Newton's Law explains rocket thrust? | Newton's Third Law |
| What is speed? | Distance divided by time |
| What is the formula for speed? | Speed = Distance ÷ Time |
| What is velocity? | Speed with direction |
| What is acceleration? | A change in velocity |
| What is force? | A push or a pull |
| What is gravity? | A force that pulls objects toward Earth |
| What is friction? | A force that opposes motion between surfaces |
| What is air resistance (drag)? | A force that opposes motion through air |
| What is the difference between mass and weight? | Weight is the force of gravity acting on mass |
| If an airplane travels 2970 km in 4 hours, what is its average speed? | 742.5 km/h |
| If Terence travels 36 km in 3 hours, what is his speed? | 12 km/h |
Created by:
user-2019105